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Pathophysiology > Chapter 4- Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Chapter 4- Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is an infection?

A

presence & multiplication of living organisms on or in a host causes injury or pathological changes

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2
Q

What is a host?

A

organism capable of supporting the nutritional/physical growth of another organism Ex. Strep Throat

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3
Q

What is normal flora?

A

bacteria that live on in the body or on the skin do not cause illness common places- skin, eyes, mouth, upper throat

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4
Q

What is a parasitic relationship?

A

infecting organism benefits. Ex. Mosquito, lice

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5
Q

What is a vector?

A

mode of transporting the organism Ex. Deer Carrying Ticks

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6
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

Living organism always causes disease

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7
Q

What is a carrier?

A

one who has a pathogen without disease and can pass it on

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8
Q

What is virulence?

A

Disease producing potential

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9
Q

What are saprophytes?

A

free living organism that obtains growth from dead or decaying matter

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10
Q

What are opportunistic pathogens?

A

produce infections disease when immunity of host is decreased

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11
Q

What are the types of defense?

A

Skin and mucous membrane, inflammatory process, immune system

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12
Q

What are the types of microorganisms?

A

Viruses, bacteria, rickettsiae, fungi, parasites

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13
Q

How can a pathogen enter the body?

A

Penetration, direct contact, ingestion, inhalation

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14
Q

What are sources of infectious disease?

A

Endogenous, exogenous, nosocomial, community acquired

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15
Q

What is the disease course?

A

Incubation period, prodromal stage, acute stage, convalescent stage, resolution

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16
Q

What is the incubation period of a disease?

A

Entry of organism into body & appearance of signs

17
Q

What is the prodromal stage of a disease?

A

patient can feel fatigue loss of appetite (Rash, fever)

18
Q

What is the acute stage of a disease?

A

clinical manifestations reaching their peak (break out contagious 2-3 weeks)

19
Q

What is the convalescent stage of a disease?

A

gradual recovery of health and strength after an illness(scab over)

20
Q

What is the resolution stage of a disease?

A

illness is all gone

21
Q

What does subclinical or subacute mean?

A

no apparent symptoms. Within two weeks the person will have a positive test for antibodies to the microbe showing infection has taken place.

22
Q

What is an insidious disease?

A

protracted prodromal stage

23
Q

What is fulminate?

A

abrupt onset with no prodrome

24
Q

What are the three sites of infectious disease?

A

Systemic, localized, abscess

25
Q

What are the diagnoses of infectious disease?

A

Evidence of a pathogen, symptoms that are documented

26
Q

What are the treatments for an infectious disease?

A

Antibacterials, antivirals, antifungals, antiparasitic, immunotherapy, surgery

27
Q

What is Staphylococcus Aureus?

A

MRSA. -gram positive (staining material if its purple its gram negative) and Naturally occurring in nares

28
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of MRSA?

A

Redness (erythema), swelling, fever (febrile), leukocytosis, pyogenic(producing pus)

29
Q

What is the diagnosis for MRSA?

A

culture and sensitivity

30
Q

How do you prevent MRSA spread in the hospital?

A

aseptic technique (before surgery apply antibacterial wash) Isolation, culture of nose of all staff member who were in contact

31
Q

What are the types of disease associated with MRSA?

A

Toxic shock, furuncles and carbuncles, osteomyelitis, abscess, pneumonia, bacteremia, entercolitis

32
Q

What are the antibacterial treatments for a disease?

A

Staphcillin, Methcillin, Oxacillin, Nafcillin, Cephalosporins, Clindamycin, Vancomycin

33
Q

What does MRSA stand for?

A

methcillin resistant staph aureus (community acquired disorder)

34
Q

What are the treatments for MRSA?

A

Staphcillin, ciprofloxacin, Bactrim, septra

35
Q

How can you prevent staph aureus?

A

Aseptic technique, isolation, culture noses of staff

36
Q

What is Group B Streptococcus

A

Strep throat. Beta hemolytic- subset name(another name) most virulent (rapid severe, and destructive course)

37
Q

What are the three categories of strep throat?

A

Carrier state, acute illness, Delayed non-suppurative complications

38
Q

What are the types of diseases associated with strep throat?

A

Tonsillitis, wound and skin infection, septicemia, scarlet fever, pneumonia, enterococcus

Pathophysiology (7 decks)

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