Chapter 4 Immune Flashcards
Neomycin/Polymyxin B/Bacitracin
Neosporin; Aminoglycoside is neomycin- Antibiotic cream
Butenafine
Lotrimin Ultra; Antifungal cream
Influenza Vaccine
Fluzone, Flumist; Antiviral prophylaxis
Docosanol
Abreva; Antiviral Acute
Amoxicillin
Amoxil; Antibiotic, Penicillin
Amoxicillion/Clavulanate
Augmentin; Antibiotic that protects against beta lactamase, Penicillin
Cephalexin
Keflex; 1st gen cephalosporin, does not penetrate CSF, poor gram negative coverage, and subject to deactivation by beta lactamase
Ceftriaxone
Rocephin; 3rd Gen cephalosporin, good penetration of CSF, good gram negative coverage and resistant to beta lactamase breakdown
Cefepime
Maxipime; 4th Gen cephalosporin, good penetration of CSF, good gram negative coverage and resistant to beta lactamase breakdown
Vancomycin
Vancocin; Powerful cephalosporin, last line against tough, resistant bacteria like MRSA, needs special attention to dosing
Doxycycline
Doryx; Antibiotic tetracycline; Dentists use for periodontal disease
Minocycline
Minocin; Antibiotic tetracycline
Azithromycin
Zithromax; Antibiotic Macrolide (Erythromycins)-1st day is double dose, then 1x daily for 4 days
Clarithromycin
Biaxin; Antibiotic Macrolide (Erythromycins)- 2x day; Good for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) triple therapy with amox and PPI like omeprazole
Erythromycin
E-mycin; Antibiotic Macrolide (Erythromycins)- 4x day
Clindamycin
Cleocin; Antibiotic Macrolide (Erythromycins)- Dental Prophylaxis for penicillin allergic; Also used topically for acne- *May cause pseudomembranous colitis or antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD)- C Diff
Linezolid
Zyvox; Antibiotic Oxazolidinone; Works with MRSA and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)
Amikacin
Amikin; Aminoglycosides; potential to damage kidney and ears
Gentamicin
Garamycin; Aminoglycosides; potential to damage kidney and ears
Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim
Bactrim; SMZ-TMP; Antibiotic Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors for UTI and prophylactic for immunocompromised HIV; affects folic acid in bacteria–sulfas can cause allergic reactions–sulfamethoxazole can cause a rare, life-threatening skin condition and mucous membranes (Steven Johnson Syndrome).
Ciprofloxacin
Cipro; Antibiotic Fluoroquinolone for UTI
Levofloxacin
Levaquin; Antibiotic Fluoroquinolone for UTI, left-handed isomer of ofloxacin.
Metronidazole
Flagyl; Antibiotic; Various infections including H. Pylori as part of triple therapy–Major side effect is called disulfram reaction when patient experiences heavy nausea and vomiting–projectile vomit may occur when used with alcohol.
Rifampin
Rifadin; Anti-TB-Use for several months as TB grows slowly- a part of RIPE
Isoniazid (INH)
INH; Anti-TB-Use for several months as TB grows slowly- a part of RIPE-adverse affect is neuritis
Pyrazinamide (PZA)
PZA; Anti-TB-Use for several months as TB grows slowly- a part of RIPE-adverse affect is polyarthritis
Ethambutol
Myambutol; Anti-TB-Use for several months as TB grows slowly- a part of RIPE-adverse affect is optic neuritis
Amphotericin B
Fungizone; Antifungal systemic
Fluconazole
Diflucan; Antifungal systemic- vaginal yeast infection
Nystatin
Mycostatin; Antifungal systemic- Eliminates thrush and yeast in mouth.
Oseltamivir
Tamiflu; Anti-Viral non HIV–Taken within 48 hrs of infection- Influenza A and B- used for immunocompromised for acute flu or prophylaxis
Zanamivir
Relenza; Anti-Viral non HIV–Taken within 48 hrs of infection- Influenza A and B- disk inhaler to lungs
Acyclovir
Zovirax; Anti-Viral- for Herpes, but does not cure, only prevents outbreaks- for Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex (HSV)- Dose 5x day.
Valacyclovir
Valtrex; Anti-Viral- for Herpes, but does not cure, only prevents outbreaks- turns into acyclovir in body so dosing only has to be 2x day
Palivizumab
Synagis; Anti-Viral vaccine with RSV or respiratory syncytial virus. RSV deadly in children < 1
Enfuvirtide (T-20)
Fuzeon; Anti-Viral for HIV; virus fuses on to cell
Maraviroc (MVC)
Selzentry; Anti-Viral for HIV; cellular chemokine receptor antagonist (CCR5)- Virus uses to get into cell
Efavirenz (EFV)/Emtricitabine (FTC)/Tenofovir (TDF)
Atripla; Anti-Viral for HIV; Non-nuclease reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) with 2 nucleoside/nucleotide rev transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
Raltegravir (RAL)
Isentress; Anti-Viral for HIV; Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor
Darunavir (DRV)
Prezista; Anti-Viral for HIV; Protease Inhibitor