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Veterinary Medical Terminology > Chapter 4: GI Tract Terminology > Flashcards

Chapter 4: GI Tract Terminology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Incisors _____.
Canines have a _____ function.
Premolars have a _____ and _____ function.
Molars have a _____ function.

A

Cut
Tearing
Tearing and grinding
Grinding

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2
Q

What is deciduous dentition?

A

Temporary arrangement of the teeth

Ex: puppy teeth

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3
Q

Localized collection of pus

A

Abscess

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4
Q

Grinding of teeth; common in cattle

A

Bruxism

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5
Q

Dental tartar, mineralized plaque that forms on the teeth

A

Dental calculus

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6
Q

Tooth decay

A

Dental Caries

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7
Q

Benign tumor arising from periodontal mucous membranes

A

Epulis

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8
Q

Excessive development of gums due to increased cell #s

A

Gingival hyperplasia

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9
Q

Abnormal position of teeth that results in faulty meeting of the teeth or jaws

A

Malocclusion

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10
Q

Relation of the teeth of both jaws during functional activity

A

Occlusion

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11
Q

Abnormal tube-like passageway between the mouth and nose

A

Oronasal fistula

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12
Q

Roof of the mouth

A

Palate

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13
Q

Cleft palate

A

Palatoschisis

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14
Q

Small, raised bumps on the tongue containing taste buds

A

Papillae

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15
Q

Inflammation and degeneration of the tissue surrounding and supporting the teeth (bone and gums)

A

Periodontal disease or pyorrhea

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16
Q

Collection of bacteria, salivary products and WBCs that adheres to the surface of the tooth

A

Plaque

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17
Q

Ridges on the hard palate and lining the stomach to increase surface area for absorption and secretion

A

Rugae

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18
Q

The 3 glands around the mouth that secrete saliva

A

Parotid, sublingual and mandibular

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19
Q

Collection of saliva that has leaked out from damaged salivary glands causing masses in the mouth

A

Salivary mucocele

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20
Q

Throat

A

Pharynx

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21
Q

Wave-like contractions to move the food

A

Peristalsis

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22
Q

Valve that food enters the stomach through

A

Cardiac sphincter

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23
Q

Valve that food exits the stomach from

A

Pyloric sphincter

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24
Q

Largest compartment of ruminant stomach where fermentation takes place

A

Rumen

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25
Q

Process of breaking down organic compounds into simpler substances

A

Fermentation

26
Q

Honeycomb; smaller food particles are collected to be transferred to the omasum

A

Reticulum

27
Q

Smallest; packed papillae for grinding

A

Omasum

28
Q

“Stomach”, digestive enzymes and HCL to break down food

A

Abomasum

29
Q

GI Tract also known as

A

Alimentary tract

30
Q

Breakdown of large fat globules into smaller globules

A

Emulsification

31
Q

Inability to relax the smooth muscles of GI tract

A

Achalasia

32
Q

Substance administered orally after accidental ingestion of a toxic substance

A

Activated charcoal

33
Q

Inflammation of the anal sacs

A

Anal sacculitis

34
Q

Surgical connection between two tubes

A

Anastosmosis

35
Q

Substance given to counteract vomiting

A

Antiemetic

36
Q

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

A

Ascites

37
Q

Closure of a normal body opening

A

Atresia

38
Q

Rumbling noises caused by the movement of gas or fluid through the GI tract

A

Borborygmus

39
Q

General ill health and malnutrition

A

Cachexia

40
Q

Degenerative disease in which the liver cells are replaced with scar tissue

A

Cirrhosis

41
Q

Acute abdominal pain

A

Colic

42
Q

Vomiting

A

Emesis

43
Q

Substance given to produce vomiting

A

Emetic

44
Q

Belch

A

Eructation

45
Q

Commonly called bloat; when the stomach expands with air and twists on itself

A

Gastric dilatation volvulus

46
Q

Forced feeding

A

Gavage

47
Q

When the cause of the disease is neither known or understood

A

Idiopathic

48
Q

Failure of peristalsis with obstruction of the intestines

A

Ileus

49
Q

A vague feeling of bodily discomfort

A

Malaise

50
Q

Black tarry stool

A

Melena

51
Q

Eating or licking abnormal substances; a depraved appetite

A

Pica

52
Q

Air in the colon

A

Pneumocolon

53
Q

Blood vessels bypass the liver and the blood is not detoxified

A

Portosystemic shunt

54
Q

To bypass or divert

A

Shunt

55
Q

Stopping or controlling

A

Stasis

56
Q

Fat in feces

A

Steatorrhea

57
Q

Tightening, narrowing or stricture

A

Stenosis

58
Q

Incised opening that is kept open for drainage and other purposes

A

Stoma

59
Q

Painful straining at defecation and urination

A

Tenesmus

60
Q

Axial twist

A

Torsion

61
Q

Hairball

A

Trichobezoar

62
Q

Twisting on itself

A

Volvulus

Veterinary Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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