Chapter 4 Exercise Metabolism & Bioenergetics Flashcards

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1
Q

Bioenergetics

A

The study of engergy in the body.

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2
Q

Metabolism

A

All of the chemical reatctions that occur in the body to maintain itself Metabolism is the process in which nutrients are acquired, transported, used and diposed of by the body

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3
Q

Exercise Metabolism

A

The examination of bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiological changes and demands placed on the body during exercise.

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4
Q

Substrates

A

The material or substance on which and enzyme acts.

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5
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Organic compunds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which includes starches, cellulose and sugars, and are an important source of energy. All carbohydrates are eventually broken down in the body to glucose, a simple sugar

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6
Q

Glucose

A

A simple sugar manufactured by the body from carbohydrates, fat and to a lesser extent protein; it serves as the body’s main source of fuel.

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7
Q

Glycogen

A

The complex carbohydrate molecule used to store carbohydrates in the liver and muscle cells. When energy is needed glycogen is converted into glucose for use by the muscle cell.

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8
Q

Fat

A

One of the three main classes of foods and a source of energy in the body. Fats help the body use some vitamins and keep skin healthy. Fats also serve as energy stores for the body. In foods there are two types of fats, saturated and unsaturated.

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9
Q

Triglycerides

A

The chemical, or substrate form in which most fats exist in food as well as in the body.

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10
Q

Protein

A

Amino acids linked by peptide bonds which consist of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and usually sulfur, and that have several essential biologic compounds.

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11
Q

Glugoneogenisis

A

The formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources such as amino acids.

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12
Q

Adenosine Triphosphate

ATP

A

Energy storage and transfer unit within the cells of the body.

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13
Q

Adenosine Diphosphate

ADP

A

A high energy compound occurring in all cells from which ATP is formed.

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14
Q

B-Oxidation

A

The breakdown of triglycerides into smaller subunits, called free fatty acids,(FFA’s) to convert FFA’s into acyl-CoA molecules, which then are available to enter the Krebs cycle and ultimately lead to the production of additional ATP.

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15
Q

Excess Post Exercise Oxygen Consumption

EPOC

A

The state in which the body’s metabolism is elevated after exercise.

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16
Q

Pathways to ATP

ATP-PC

A

Adenosine Triphosphate Phosphocreatine. The energy system responsible for providing near instant ATP at the onset of any activity. Produces a fewer number of ATP than other systems, and is depleted after the first 10-15 of high intensity workouts. 1 ATP per phosphocreatine molecule.

17
Q

Pathways To ATP

Glycolysis

A

Both anaerobic and aerobic. Carbohydrates are broken down into ATP and then into pyruvic acid or lactic acid, depending on the presence of oxygen. The anaerobic form is the second most preferred pathway to ATP. Slower to start but lasts a bit longer than ATP-PC. Without oxygen lactic acid is produced

18
Q

Pathways to ATP

Oxidative System

A

The most efficient system, but the slowest to get going in more intense exercises. Fuels the majority of daily activity.