Chapter 4 : English Civil War Flashcards
Explain 2 long term causes of the English Civil War.
- King Charles often has disagreements with the Parliament as he wanted to rule on his own without any help.
- The Parliament didn’t want to provide Charles with money to make bad desicions, so he sent them home for 11 years.
Explain 4 ways on how King Charles’ policies led to tension with the Parliament.
- King Charles want to rule independant/on his own without the Parliament’s help or advice.
- He believed in the ‘Divine Right of The Kings’, meaning that he was chosen by God to rule and no one should go against him and his ways.
- He said that the Parliament should be working for him instead of alongside him, only to collect taxes and provide him with money for expeditions to invade nother countries.
- He refused to co-operate with the Parliament and only did as he pleased without taking a chance to listen too their suggestions.
Describe the two types of armies that faught in the English civil war.
- Royalists were the supporters of King Charles. They were usually rich lords and ordinary people who simply followed their landlords. They were cavaliers (soldiers on horseback) and musketeers, who faught by shooting with muskets.
- Parliamentarians were the supporters of the Parliament. They were roundheads (known for their simple, bowl-cut hairstyles) and pikemen who faught using long sticks with a sharp metal tip/spearhead.
In what year did the English Civil War start?
1642.
Explain the role of Oliver Cromwell in the New Model Army’s sucess.
- He was a great army leader and has prior experience in leading soldiers into battle.
- He was apart of the Parliament and led people well.
- He set strict rules for the soldiers, discipling them into order.
- He was already well respected due to his previous vicotries leading other teams into battle.
Why was Charles’ execution delayed?
It was because no one wanted to do it. 38 People were offered $100 to replace the executioner but they all refused.
Write the key events that happened on each day of King Charles I’s trial.
Day 1:
Day 2:
Day 3:
Day 7:
Day 1: He was brought into the Westminister court in London and was asked to plead guilty or not guilty. He refused to plead and laughed in John Bradshaw’s face.
Day 2: He continued to refuse to plead guilty or not guilty.
Day 3: He continued to refuse to plead and was quickly escourted out of the court.
Day 7: He was sentenced guilty by John Bradshawfor treason, murder, burnings and being a public enemy of England. He was sentecned with death through execution by chopping his head off.
In what year was King Charles I executed?
1649
Why did Oliver Cromwell and the Puritans ban the celebration of Christmas?
It is because in the bible, it was not stated that they should celebrate Christmas. Strict Puritans strictly followed the bible to lead their life, so they banned Christmas because in the bible it was not written that they should celebrate - especially through indulging in gluttony and drinking alchohol.
What was the title of the head of state in England between 1653 and 1659, a position first held by Oliver Cromwell,
Lord Protector
Name 4 new rules set during Oliver Cromwell’s reign.
- Football banned
- Inns shut
- Gambling banned
- Theatres closed
What was King Charles I executed for?
Treason, burnings and being a public enemy of England
