Chapter 4 (E1) Flashcards
What includes normal and abnormal processes of intercranial function ?
It depends on a consistent supply, blood, delivering oxygen, and nutrients with carbohydrates as the main source for fuel for the brain.
Intercranial regulation (ICR)
What is the process of adapting and changing as gray matter shrinks and thickens and connections are pruned or forged?
Plasticity
One of the lobes of the brain:
Responsible for movement, problem-solving skills, and speech production?
Frontal lobe
One of the lobes of the brain:
Responsible for tactile sensation and spatial awareness
Parietal lobe
One of the lobes of the brain:
Responsible for vision and vision processing
Occipital lobe
One of the lobes of the brain:
Responsible for hearing, language reception, and language comprehension.
Temporal lobe
When lithium toxicity occurs what abnormalities may be associated?
Cerebellar dysfunction
What is the limbic system also called?
“Emotional brain”
What is the hippocampus do?
Interacts with the PFC in making new memories
Amygdala plays a major role in what?
Processing fear and anxiety
Chronic stress triggers shrinkage of what? which may lead to higher levels of depression and cognitive impairment
Hippocampus
What slows the limbic system down?
Antianxiety drugs (anxiolytics)
Thyroid hormones are used to treat people with what?
Depression
Bipolar I disorder
What is the first line of treatment for ADHD?
Sympathomimetics
Neuroimaging
Visualizes a brain that is structurally in functionally interconnected
What type of brain imaging measures how well to regions of the brain communicate with each other?
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
(fMRI)
What brain imaging uses ionizing radiation to localized brain regions, and provides evidence of metabolic changes in unmedicated individuals with examples: depression, schizophrenia, OCD.
Positron emission tomography (PET)
Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
What is the ability to initiate signals and conduct electrical impulse from one end of the cell of the other?
Neurotransmission
What occurs when one drug alters the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or illumination of another, thereby affecting plasma concentration?
Pharmacokinetic interactions
What occurs when drugs are combined with the same effects?
Pharmacodynamic interactions
What may occur if a patient ingest tyramine found in some over-the-counter medications and old aged food?
Hypertensive crisis
Should be put on dietary restrictions of tyramine after stopping MAOIs for 2 weeks
A research field that focuses on the interaction between the immune system and the nervous system and the relationship between behavior and health?
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
