Chapter 4 (E1)

Question 1

What includes normal and abnormal processes of intercranial function ?
It depends on a consistent supply, blood, delivering oxygen, and nutrients with carbohydrates as the main source for fuel for the brain.

Answer 1

Intercranial regulation (ICR)

Question 2

What is the process of adapting and changing as gray matter shrinks and thickens and connections are pruned or forged?

Answer 2

Plasticity

Question 3

One of the lobes of the brain:
Responsible for movement, problem-solving skills, and speech production?

Answer 3

Frontal lobe

Question 4

One of the lobes of the brain:
Responsible for tactile sensation and spatial awareness

Answer 4

Parietal lobe

Question 5

One of the lobes of the brain:
Responsible for vision and vision processing

Answer 5

Occipital lobe

Question 6

One of the lobes of the brain:
Responsible for hearing, language reception, and language comprehension.

Answer 6

Temporal lobe

Question 7

When lithium toxicity occurs what abnormalities may be associated?

Answer 7

Cerebellar dysfunction

Question 8

What is the limbic system also called?

Answer 8

“Emotional brain”

Question 9

What is the hippocampus do?

Answer 9

Interacts with the PFC in making new memories

Question 10

Amygdala plays a major role in what?

Answer 10

Processing fear and anxiety

Question 11

Chronic stress triggers shrinkage of what? which may lead to higher levels of depression and cognitive impairment

Answer 11

Hippocampus

Question 12

What slows the limbic system down?

Answer 12

Antianxiety drugs (anxiolytics)

Question 13

Thyroid hormones are used to treat people with what?

Answer 13

Depression
Bipolar I disorder

Question 14

What is the first line of treatment for ADHD?

Answer 14

Sympathomimetics

Question 15

Neuroimaging

Answer 15

Visualizes a brain that is structurally in functionally interconnected

Question 16

What type of brain imaging measures how well to regions of the brain communicate with each other?

Answer 16

Functional magnetic resonance imaging
(fMRI)

Question 17

What brain imaging uses ionizing radiation to localized brain regions, and provides evidence of metabolic changes in unmedicated individuals with examples: depression, schizophrenia, OCD.

Answer 17

Positron emission tomography (PET)
Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)

Question 18

What is the ability to initiate signals and conduct electrical impulse from one end of the cell of the other?

Answer 18

Neurotransmission

Question 19

What occurs when one drug alters the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or illumination of another, thereby affecting plasma concentration?

Answer 19

Pharmacokinetic interactions

Question 20

What occurs when drugs are combined with the same effects?

Answer 20

Pharmacodynamic interactions

Question 21

What may occur if a patient ingest tyramine found in some over-the-counter medications and old aged food?

Answer 21

Hypertensive crisis
Should be put on dietary restrictions of tyramine after stopping MAOIs for 2 weeks

Question 22

A research field that focuses on the interaction between the immune system and the nervous system and the relationship between behavior and health?

Answer 22

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)