Chapter 4 Dinos

Question 1

Cerapoda include

Answer 1

Spike thumbed iguanadon a duck bills bone heads and horned Dino’s

Question 2

Distinguishing characteristic of cerapodans

Answer 2

Gap between front and back teeth called diastema

Question 3

Two subgroups of cerapoda

Answer 3

Ornithopoda: iguanadonts and duck bills

Marginocephalia: bone heads and horned Dino’s

Question 4

Ornithopods why do we know more about them than any other Dino

Answer 4

Gregarious (herding animals)

Question 5

Distinguishing feature of ornithopodans

Answer 5

Front teeth well below cheek teeth (gun line for teeth at the front of the skull is at a different level than for back teeth)

Question 6

Early ornithopods group?

Answer 6

Heterodomtosaurs (different sized teeth lizards)

Lived one desert setting from lower Jurassic period (Africa)

Question 7

What ability was weird for reptiles today but not for cerapodans ?

Answer 7

Ability to chew

Question 8

Heterodomtosaurs had what that made them good candidates for ?
And powerful?

Answer 8

Very long back legs and many fused and ossified tendons that provided rigidity to back
Fast runners
Arms with large muscle attachments
Digging animal

Question 9

What do they currently not know how to differentiate in Dino’s

Answer 9

Sex

Question 10

Sexual dimorphism in heterodomtosaurs

Answer 10

Considerable and sizable shape differences between sexes

Long canines

Question 11

advanced ornithopods

Answer 11

Hypsilophodonts, iguanadonts, hadrosaurs

Question 12

Key features of advanced ornithopods

Answer 12

Cross crossed back and tail tendons that provided rigidity to torso and balancing of tail
Forward prong on pubis to anchor guts

Question 13

Hypsilodonts — have evidence there were

Answer 13

Dinosaurs up in trees not just from this group but from small theropods

Question 14

He discovery of burrows and dens shows some Dino’s were

Answer 14

Fossorial

Question 15

Hypsilophodonts had a very precise ?

Answer 15

Slicing chopping dentition

Question 16

Features of hadrosauriforms walked on

Answer 16

Three hoofed middle toes

Flared out about with no front teeth that presumably enabled browsing on ground plants

Question 17

Iguanodonts were extremely advanced ? That didn’t have what but were in possession of

Answer 17

Ornithopods
Grinding dentition
Thumb spikes

Question 18

Thumb spikes for

Answer 18

Defense against predators

Question 19

Where were 39 iguanadon found

What did this discovery firmly establish, first evidence that

Answer 19

Belgian coal mine
Bipedal stance and correct location of thumb spikes
Herding animals

Question 20

Ouranosaurus from niger had what? Which Dino

Answer 20

Iguanadont

Tall dorsal spikes like bison , display or hump to store fat

Question 21

Iguanadonts dust by when and replaced by?

Answer 21

Late Cretaceous

Hadrosaurs with grinding and slicing dentitions

Question 22

Some of hadrosaurs were bigger than

Answer 22

T. rex

Question 23

Key attributes of hadrosaurs

Answer 23

Very broad duck like bills
Dental batteries composed of hundreds of lightly adjoining teeth
Harder dental tissue ,enamel, on one side SO teeth self sharpening

Question 24

Know more about which group than any other

Answer 24

Hadrosaurs

Question 25

New teeth of hadrosaurs formed every, how many a year

Answer 25

50-80 days | 3300

Question 26

Over splitting- example

Answer 26

Naming more species than really exist | Crested dinosaurs hastily named were just juveniles or male and female variants

Question 27

Why do we know hadrosaurs were terrestrial

Answer 27

Tails couldn't bend due to ossified tendons , ate terrestrial plants, often found in highland or desert settings

Question 28

Jack Horner founded what | Able to establish ?

Answer 28

Site in NW Montana where 10,000 maisaura were supposedly flattened by volcanic ash Size and age using growth lines in skeletons 7-10 years adult size (fast for reptiles)

Question 29

What did makela and Horner find | What does name maisaura mean

Answer 29

Nesting ground and found that the parents had been nourishing animals Name means good mother lizard

Question 30

What were one of the dinosaurs he named (Marquez) studied which Dino's

Answer 30

``` Glishades eriksoni (Ericksons mud devil) named after professor Ornithopod ```