Chapter 4: Consciousness Flashcards
What is conciousness?
one’s moment-to-moment subjective experience of the world
- sensory awareness
- direct inner awareness
- personal unity: the sense of self
- the waking stage (as opposed to comma/sleep)
What is inattentional blindness
the failure to notice when an unexpected but completely visible object suddenly appears
- occurs when an individual’s attention is directed elsewhere
What is exogenous attention
passive, transient, automatic, stimulus-driven process
- peripheral cues, presented near or at target stimuli, used to guide exogenous attention could be automatically captured by salient stimuli
What is endogenous attention
voluntary, sustained, goal driven process
- info that aligns with an observer’s behaviour goals are internally selected for further processing
What is dichotic listening
change deafness
What is selective attention
voluntarily attend to one source of information while ignoring or excluding other ongoing messages
What is a shadowing task
to repeat a message out loud as soon as it was heard
What is the stroop effect
know - check slides
What is a disjunction search
search for a simple feature
What is a conjunction search
search for a combined feature
- visual search becomes more difficult when conjunctions of features are involved
- attentional spotlight can only be deployed locally –> viewer must apply serial search
What is dual processing
attention is divided when an individual performs two or more tasks simultaneous
What is divided attention
if an individual can perform two or more tasks simultaneously and maintain high level of performance on both tasks, either one or both being easy
What is hemineglect/hemi-inattention
attention-related disorder
disruption or decreased ability to look at something in the (often) left field of vision and pay attention to it
What are the different brainwaves and what do they mean
gamma - problem solving, concentration
beta - busy, active mind
alpha - reflective, restful
theta - drowsiness
delta- sleep. dreaming
What is the altered conciousness
a state that changes your subjective perception of consciousness from how you typically experience it
- each state of consciousness has its unique pattern of brain waves
Know what each type of brainwave looks like
What is a K-complex
triggered by external stimuli such as noises in the surrounding or internal stimuli such as muscle tightness in the leg (abrupt noises)
What is REM
rapid eye movements
- alert, awake mind
What are sleep spindles
sudden bursts of rapid brain activity - reason unknown
What is REM Sleep
after 90 mins of sleep, sleep cycle reverses
- this cycle repeats about 5 times in 8 hours
also called paradoxical sleep: sleeping body with an active brain
- some brains in the occipital cortex and the brain stem regions are more active during REM sleep than during waking hours - sexual arousal sometimes occur
- most of the body’s muscles are paralyzed
Sleep stages- when is REM-sleep and when is deep sleep
deep sleep mostly at the beginning of the night
REM-sleep mostly at the end
