Chapter 4 - Consciousness Flashcards
Consciousness
Awareness of internal and external stimuli such as feelings of hunger and pain or detection of light
Wakefulness
High levels of sensory awareness, thought, and behaviour
Being alert and able to process
Freuds unconscious
Dynamic unconscious: active system, hidden memories, instincts and desires, and the struggle to control these forces
Repression: removes unacceptable thoughts and memories from consciousness
Modern unconscious
Cognitive unconscious: mental processes that give rise to a persons thoughts, choices, emotions, and behaviour even though they are not experienced by the person
Freuds levels of consciousness
The conscious mind
The pre conscious mind - memories stored (slightly submerged but still accessible)
The unconscious mind - instincts, immediate gratification (inaccessible but influences behaviour )
Jung’s level of consciousness
Triangle
Ego - who you are
Conscious - things we’re aware of/ sense
Personal unconscious - memories and impulses, forgotten events
Collective unconscious - shared by all
Archetype - fundamental understanding
Biological rythym
Internal cycle of biological activity
Ex., change of body temp, menstrual cycle, levels of alertness
Circadian rythym
Biological rhythm that occurs over approximately 24 hours
Sleep is associated with the secretion and regulation of many hormones including?
- melatonin
- follicle stimulating hormone
- luteinizing hormone
- growth hormone
Sleep regulation
The brains control of switching between sleep and wakefulness as well as coordinating this cycle with the outside world
Sleep debt
Result of insufficient sleep on a chronic basis
Sleep rebound
A sleep deprived individual will tend to tale a shorter time to fall asleep during subsequent opportunities for sleep
Brainwaves during sleep
Brainwave activity changes dramatically across the different stages of sleep
Visualized using an EEG
Stage 1 - Alpha
Relatively low frequency, relatively high amplitude, synchronized
Stage 2 - Theta
Low frequency, low amplitude
Stage 3 - delta
Low frequency, high amplitude
Spindles and K- complexes
Signal high brain activity
Active during stage 2 (theta)
Dream research
- dreams may represent life events that are important to the dreamer
- state of protoconsciousness (virtual reality)
Lucid dreams
Certain aspects of wakefulness are maintained during a dreaming state
Sigmund Freud’s view on dreams
Manifest content - the actual content of the dream
Latent content - hidden meaning
We release inhibitions while we sleep
Carl Jung’s view on dreams
- allowed us to tap into the collective unconscious
- certain symbols reflected universal archetypes
Physiological dependence on substances
Involves changes in normal bodily functions and withdrawal upon not using it
Psychological dependence
- emotional need for the drug
Depressant drugs
- slow down your natural nervous system
Presypnatic cell
Transmits signal toward synapse
Postsypnatic cell
Transmits signal away from synapse
GABA
Slows down your brain by blocking specific signals in your central nervous system
- in depressants
Drugs can influence the synapse in 2 ways - Antagonist
- bind to the synaptic receptors but slow down the effect neurotransmitters
Drugs can influence the synapse in 2 ways - Agonist
Bind to the synaptic receptors and increase the effect of neurotransmitters
