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Anatomy > Chapter 4 - Cells, Tissues, and Organs > Flashcards

Chapter 4 - Cells, Tissues, and Organs Flashcards

1
Q

plasma membrane

A

outer layer of cell.

Regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Participates in growth, reproduction, and interaction.

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2
Q

microvilli

A

short extensions of the cell membrane

absorbs material into the cell

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3
Q

nucleus

A

large, dark celled organelle near the center of the cell, composed of DNA and proteins
contains chromosomes

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4
Q

nucleolus

A

small body in the nucleus; composed of RNA, DNA, and protein

makes ribosomes

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5
Q

cytoplasm

A

colloidal suspension that fills the cell

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6
Q

cytosol

A

the fluid portion of the cytoplasm

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7
Q

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

A

network of membranes within the cytoplasm. Rough ER has ribosomes attached, smooth does not.
Rough ER sorts proteins and forms them into complex compounds.
Smooth ER involved with lipid synthesis.

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8
Q

ribosomes

A

small bodies free in the cytoplasm, or attached to ER, composed of RNA and protein
manufactures proteins

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9
Q

mitochondria

A

large organelles with folded membranes inside. Converts energy from nutrients in ATP.

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10
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Layers of membranes
Makes compounds containing proteins.
Preps for transport

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11
Q

lysosomes

A

Small sacs of digestive enzymes

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12
Q

Peroxisomes

A

Membrane enclosed organelles containing enzymes.

Breakdown harmful substances

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13
Q

vesicles

A

Small membrane bound sacs in the cytoplasm

Store and move materials

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14
Q

centrioles

A

Rod shaped bodies (usually 2) near the nucleus

Separate chromosomes during cell division.

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15
Q

cilia

A

Short hail-like, move fluids around the cell.

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16
Q

flagellum

A

Long whip-like, moves the cell.

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17
Q

morph/o

A

form

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18
Q

cyt/o, -cyte

A

cell

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19
Q

nucle/o

A

nucleus

20
Q

kary/o

A

nucleus

21
Q

hist/o, histi/o

A

tissue

22
Q

fibr/o

A

fiber

23
Q

reticul/o

A

network

24
Q

aden/o

A

gland

25
Q

papill/o

A

nipple

26
Q

myx/o

A

mucus

27
Q

muc/o

A

mucus, mucous membrane

28
Q

somat/o, -some

A

body, small body

29
Q

blast/o, -blast

A

immature cell, embryonic cell

30
Q

gen

A

origin, formation

31
Q

phag/o

A

eat, digest

32
Q

phil

A

attract, absorb

33
Q

plas

A

formation, development

34
Q

trop

A

act on, affect

35
Q

troph/o

A

feeding, growth, nourishment

36
Q

-ase

A

enzyme

37
Q

-ose

A

sugar

38
Q

hydr/o

A

water, fluid

39
Q

gluc/o

A

glucose

40
Q

glyc/o

A

sugar, glucose

41
Q

sacchar/o

A

sugar

42
Q

amyl/o

A

starch

43
Q

lip/o

A

lipid, fat

44
Q

adip/o

A

fat

45
Q

steat/o

A

fatty

46
Q

prote/o

A

protein

Anatomy (17 decks)

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