Chapter 4 - Cells, Tissues, and Organs

Question 1

plasma membrane

Answer 1

outer layer of cell.

Regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Participates in growth, reproduction, and interaction.

Question 2

microvilli

Answer 2

short extensions of the cell membrane

absorbs material into the cell

Question 3

nucleus

Answer 3

large, dark celled organelle near the center of the cell, composed of DNA and proteins
contains chromosomes

Question 4

nucleolus

Answer 4

small body in the nucleus; composed of RNA, DNA, and protein

makes ribosomes

Question 5

cytoplasm

Answer 5

colloidal suspension that fills the cell

Question 6

cytosol

Answer 6

the fluid portion of the cytoplasm

Question 7

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Answer 7

network of membranes within the cytoplasm. Rough ER has ribosomes attached, smooth does not.
Rough ER sorts proteins and forms them into complex compounds.
Smooth ER involved with lipid synthesis.

Question 8

ribosomes

Answer 8

small bodies free in the cytoplasm, or attached to ER, composed of RNA and protein
manufactures proteins

Question 9

mitochondria

Answer 9

large organelles with folded membranes inside. Converts energy from nutrients in ATP.

Question 10

Golgi apparatus

Answer 10

Layers of membranes
Makes compounds containing proteins.
Preps for transport

Question 11

lysosomes

Answer 11

Small sacs of digestive enzymes

Question 12

Peroxisomes

Answer 12

Membrane enclosed organelles containing enzymes.

Breakdown harmful substances

Question 13

vesicles

Answer 13

Small membrane bound sacs in the cytoplasm

Store and move materials

Question 14

centrioles

Answer 14

Rod shaped bodies (usually 2) near the nucleus

Separate chromosomes during cell division.

Question 15

cilia

Answer 15

Short hail-like, move fluids around the cell.

Question 16

flagellum

Answer 16

Long whip-like, moves the cell.

Question 17

morph/o

Answer 17

form

Question 18

cyt/o, -cyte

Answer 18

cell

Question 19

nucle/o

Answer 19

nucleus

Question 20

kary/o

Answer 20

nucleus

Question 21

hist/o, histi/o

Answer 21

tissue

Question 22

fibr/o

Answer 22

fiber

Question 23

reticul/o

Answer 23

network

Question 24

aden/o

Answer 24

gland

Question 25

papill/o

Answer 25

nipple

Question 26

myx/o

Answer 26

mucus

Question 27

muc/o

Answer 27

mucus, mucous membrane

Question 28

somat/o, -some

Answer 28

body, small body

Question 29

blast/o, -blast

Answer 29

immature cell, embryonic cell

Question 30

gen

Answer 30

origin, formation

Question 31

phag/o

Answer 31

eat, digest

Question 32

phil

Answer 32

attract, absorb

Question 33

plas

Answer 33

formation, development

Question 34

trop

Answer 34

act on, affect

Question 35

troph/o

Answer 35

feeding, growth, nourishment

Question 36

-ase

Answer 36

enzyme

Question 37

-ose

Answer 37

sugar

Question 38

hydr/o

Answer 38

water, fluid

Question 39

gluc/o

Answer 39

glucose

Question 40

glyc/o

Answer 40

sugar, glucose

Question 41

sacchar/o

Answer 41

sugar

Question 42

amyl/o

Answer 42

starch

Question 43

lip/o

Answer 43

lipid, fat

Question 44

adip/o

Answer 44

fat

Question 45

steat/o

Answer 45

fatty

Question 46

prote/o

Answer 46

protein