Chapter 19 - The Skeleton Flashcards
axial skeleton
Forms the central core “axis” of the body’s framework.
Includes the skull, spinal column, and thorax.
skull
Region: cranium, facial portion, hyoid, and ossicles.
cranium
8 cranial bones.
Encloses the brain, houses the ear and forms part of the eye socket.
facial portion
14 facial bones.
Form the face and chambers for sensory organs.
hyoid
U-shaped bone under mandible (lower jaw); used for muscle attachments.
ossicles
3 ear bones.
Transmit sound waves through middle ear.
vertebral column
Encloses the spinal cord.
26 vertebrae (divided into 5 groups)
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx.
thorax
Sternum - anterior bone of the thorax
12 pairs of ribs - enclose the organs of the thorax.
appendicular skeleton
Attached “appended” to the axial skeleton.
appendicular skeleton
shoulder girdle
Clavicle - anterior; between sternum and scapula.
Scapula - posterior; anchors muscles that move arm.
appendicular skeleton
upper extremity
Contains: humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges.
upper extremity - humerus
proximal arm bone
upper extremity - ulna
medial bone of forearm
upper extremity - radius
lateral bone of forearm
upper extremity - carpals
8 wrist bones
upper extremity - metacarpals
5 bones of palm
upper extremity - phalanges
14 bones of fingers
appendicular skeleton
lower division
pelvic bones and lower extremity
pelvic bones
2 os coxae.
Join sacrum and coccyx of vertebral column to form the bony pelvis.
appendicular skeleton
lower extremity
Contains: femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsal bones, metatarsals, and phalanges.
lower extremity - femur
thigh bone
lower extremity - patella
kneecap
lower extremity - tibia
medial bone of leg
lower extremity - fibula
lateral bone of leg
