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Anatomy > Chapter 16 - Endocrine System > Flashcards

Chapter 16 - Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

endocrin/o

A

endocrine glands or system

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2
Q

pituitar/i

A

pituitary gland, hypophysis

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3
Q

hypophysi/o

A

pituitary gland, hypophysis

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4
Q

thyr/o, thyroid/o

A

thyroid gland

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5
Q

parathyr/o, parathyroid/o

A

parathyroid gland

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6
Q

adren/o, adrenal/l

A

adrenal gland, epinephrine

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7
Q

adrenocortic/o

A

adrenal cortex

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8
Q

insul/o

A

pancreatic islets

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9
Q

BPH

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia (hypertrophy)

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10
Q

DRE

A

digital rectal examination

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11
Q

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen

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12
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate

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13
Q

ACTH

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone
(anterior pituitary)
Stimulates adrenal cortex to produce cortical hormones; aids in protecting body in stress situations (injury, pain).

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14
Q

ADH

A

antidiuretic hormone
(posterior pituitary)
Promotes water reabsorption in kidney, causes blood vessels to constrict.

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15
Q

DM

A

diabetes mellitus

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16
Q

FBS

A

fasting blood sugar

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17
Q

GH

A

growth hormone
(anterior pituitary)
Promotes growth of all body tissues.

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18
Q

TSH

A

thyroid-stimulating hormone

anterior pituitary

19
Q

FSH

A

follicle-stimulating hormone
(anterior pituitary)
Growth and hormonal activity of ovarian follicles; growth of testes; sperm cell development.

20
Q

LH

A

luteinizing hormone
(anterior pituitary)
Development of corpus luteum in female; testosterone secretion in male

21
Q

PRL

A

prolactin
(anterior pituitary)
Stimulates milk secretion by mammary glands.

22
Q

oxytocin

A

(posterior pituitary)

Causes uterine contractions; milk ejection from mammary glands.

23
Q

T4 - thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine)

T3 - triiodothryonine

A

(thyroid)

Increase metabolic rate and heat production, influence physical and mental activities, required for normal growth.

24
Q

parathyroid hormone

A

(parathyroid)

Regulates calcium exchange between blood and bones; increases blood calcium levels.

25
Q

cortisol

A

(adrenal cortex)

Aids in metabolism of carbs, proteins, and fats; active during stress.

26
Q

aldosterone

A

(adrenal cortex)

Aids in regulating electrolytes and water balance.

27
Q

sex hormones

A

(adrenal cortex)

May influence secondary sexual characteristics.

28
Q

epinephrine

A

(adrenal medulla)

Response to stress; increases respiration, BP, and heart rate.

29
Q

insulin

A

(pancreatic islet)

Aids glucose transport into cells; decreases blood sugar levels.

30
Q

glucagon

A

(pancreatic islet)

Stimulates liver to release glucose, thereby increasing blood sugar levels.

31
Q

melatonin

A

(pineal)

Regulates mood, sexual development, and daily cycles.

32
Q

testosterone

A

(testis)

Growth and development of sexual organs, stimulates maturation of sperm cells.

33
Q

estrogen

A

(ovary)

Growth of primary sexual organs.

34
Q

progesterone

A

(ovary)
Prepares uterine lining for implantation of fertilized ovum; maintaining pregnancy, development of mammary glands secretory tissue.

35
Q

anterior pituitary gland

A 
GH
TSH
ACTH
FSH
LH
PRL
36
Q

posterior pituitary gland

A

ADH

oxytocin

37
Q

thyroid gland

A

T4

T3

38
Q

parathyroid gland

A

parathyroid hormone

39
Q

adrenal cortex

A

cortisol
aldosterone
sex hormones

40
Q

pancreatic islet

A

insulin

glucagon

41
Q

adrenal medulla

A

epinephrine

42
Q

pineal gland

A

melatonin

43
Q

testis

A

testosterone

44
Q

ovary

A

estrogen

progesterone

Anatomy (17 decks)

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