Chapter 4 - Acute Responses To Exercise

Question 1

Ventilation

Answer 1

How much air is breathed in or out in one minute

Question 2

Tidal volume

Answer 2

How much air is inspired or expired in one breath

Question 3

Respiratory rate

Answer 3

The number of breaths taken in one minute

Question 4

Ventilation equation

Answer 4

Ventilation = TV (litres) x RR (breaths/min)

Question 5

Ventilatory threshold

Answer 5

The point where ventilation increases at a non linear rate

Question 6

Diffusion

Answer 6

The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration

Question 7

What are some cardiovascular responses to exercise?

Answer 7

Cardiac output
Blood pressure
Venous return
Blood volume
Redistribution of blood flow
Oxygen consumption (VO2)
Arteriovenous oxygen difference (a-vO2 diff)

Question 8

What are some acute respiratory responses to exercise?

Answer 8

Ventilation
Tidal volume
RR
Diffusion

Question 9

Systolic blood pressure

Answer 9

Pressure in the arteries following contraction of ventricles as blood is pumped out of the heart

Question 10

Diastolic blood pressure

Answer 10

Pressure in the arteries when the heart relaxes and ventricles fill with blood

Question 11

Vasoconstriction

Answer 11

A decrease in the diameter of a blood vessel, resulting in a decrease in blood flow to the area supplied by the blood vessel

Question 12

Vasodilation

Answer 12

An increase in the diameter of the blood vessel, resulting in an increase in blood flow to the area supplied by the blood vessel

Question 13

What happens to blood flow during exercise?

Answer 13

There is a REDISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD FLOW away from the spleen, kidneys and inactive muscles to the working muscles to ensure these muscles recieve he createst amount of CARDIAC OUTPUT. VASOCONSTRICTION supplies the inactive areas while VASODILATION supplies the working muscles

Question 14

a-vO2 diff

Answer 14

Arteriovenous oxygen difference.

Difference in oxygen concentration in the arterioles compared with the venuoles

Question 15

What are some acute muscular responses to exercise?

Answer 15

Increased blood flow
Motor unit recruitment
Energy substrates
Lactate
Body temperature

Question 16

Motor unit

Answer 16

A motor neuron and the muscle fibres it stimulates

Question 17

ATP

Answer 17

Adenosine triphosphate.

A chemical compound made up of adenosine and three phosphate molecules

Question 18

ADP

Answer 18

Adenosine diphosphate

A chemical compound made up of adenosine and two phosphate molecules

Question 19

Phosphocreatine

Answer 19

A chemical fuel consisting of a bound phosphate and creative molecule

Question 20

What are acute responses?

Answer 20

Immediate physiological responses to exercise

Question 21

What are the three systems?

Answer 21

Cardiovascular
Muscular
Respiratory

Question 22

When does ventilation stop increasing?

Answer 22

When it meets the oxygen demands of the exercise

Question 23

Lactate inflection point

Answer 23

The exercise intensity beyond which lactate production exceeds removal, sometimes referred to as lactate threshold

Question 24

What are the mechanisms responsible for venous return

Answer 24

The muscle pump
The respiratory pump
Venocibstriction