Chapter 4 Acids, Bases and Neutralisation Flashcards
What are acids?
Contain hydrogen in their formulae.
When dissolved in water, releases hydrogen ions as protons into the solution.
What is the difference between strong and weak acids?
Strong acid releases all its hydrogen atoms into solution and is completely dissociated in aqueous solution.
Weak acid only releases a small proportion of hydrogen atoms and is partially dissociated.
What is a base?
Neutralises an acid to form a salt
What is an alkali?
A base that dissolves in water releasing hydroxide ions into the solution.
What is neutralisation?
Hydrogen ions of an acid reacting with a base to form a salt and water.
What is the oxidation number?
The number of electrons involved in bonding to a different element.
What are the rules for oxidation numbers?
Always 0 for elements
Oxidation number of ions have a sign in front of the number.
What is REDOX?
Oxidation: addition of oxygen, loss of electrons, increase in oxidation number
Reduction: removal of oxygen, gain of electrons, decrease in oxidation number
