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Biology Midterms > Chapter 4: A tour of the cell > Flashcards

Chapter 4: A tour of the cell Flashcards

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1
Q

Plasma membrane

A

Flexible boundary between the cell and its surroundings

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2
Q

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic similarities

A
  • plasma membrane
  • cytosol: jellylike interior fluid
  • DNA
  • ribosomes
  • cytoplasm
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3
Q

Flagella

A

Propels bacteria in environments like water

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4
Q

Four basic functions of organelles

A
  • genetic control = nucleus and ribosomes
  • Manufacturing, distribution and breakdown = ER, Golgi body, lysosomes, vacuoles and peroxisomes
  • Energy processing = mitochondria and chloroplasts
  • Structure, movement and communication = cytoskeleton, plasma membrane and cell wall
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5
Q

Cellular metabolism

A

Chemical activities within organelles

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6
Q

Nuclear envelope

A

Double membrane that helps regulate entry/exit and connects with ER

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7
Q

Nucleolus

A

Site of RNA synthesis

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8
Q

Ribosomes

A

Protein synthesis

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9
Q

Endomembrane system

A

Nuclear envelope, ER, Golgi body, lysosomes, vacuoles and plasma membrane. (Never eat green lemon pea vents)

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10
Q

Smooth ER

A

Production enzymes, storage of calcium, synthesis of lipids, oil, phospholipids and steroids, and is detoxifier

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11
Q

Rough ER

A

Secretory proteins and makes its own membrane

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12
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Modifies, sorts and ships cell products

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13
Q

Lysosomes

A

Digestive compartment in the cell

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14
Q

Plant cells don’t include

A

Lysosomes and centrosomes

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15
Q

Plant cells have

A

Cell wall, plasmodesmata, chloroplast and a central vacuole

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16
Q

Plasmodesmata

A

Cytoplasmic channels through cell walls that connect adjacent cells

17
Q

Central vacuole

A

Stores water and other chemicals

18
Q

Endosymbiosis theory

A

Mitochondria and cytoplasm were formally small prokaryotes (have their own dna and ribosomes)

19
Q

Mitochondrial Matrix

A

Mitochondria dna, ribosomes and enzymes

20
Q

Inner mitochondria membrane

A

Cristae

21
Q

Inner membrane fluid that contains chloroplast dna

A

Stroma

22
Q

Thylakoids

A

Sacs Green molecules trap solar energy

23
Q

Granum

A

Stacked thylakoids

24
Q

Microtubules

A

Shape/support cell

25
Q

Centrosomes

A

Region near nucleus, contains centrioles

26
Q

Intermediate filaments

A

Reinforce shape, anchor organelles, found in most animals, more permanent

27
Q

Microfilaments

A

Support cell shape and involved in motility

Biology Midterms (7 decks)

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