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Sport Psychology > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

achievement motivation

A

logical extension of both bandura’s theory of self efficacy and Harter’s theory of competence motivation

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2
Q

perceived ability

A

the way children come to view themselves and abilities

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3
Q

cognitive restructuring

A

reconstructing mental capacities

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4
Q

task goal orientation

A

mastery of a particular skill

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5
Q

ego goal orientation

A

perceived ability is measured as a function of outperforming others, as opposed to self-improvement

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6
Q

social approval goal orientation

A

t

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7
Q

undifferentiated goal perspective

A

at this level of development, the child is said

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8
Q

differentiated goal perspective children and adults in level 4

A

t

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9
Q

mastery goal orientation and competitive goal

A

represent task and ego goal orientation respectively

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10
Q

goal involvement

A

situation specific state measure of how an individual relates to an achievement situation at a specific point in time

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11
Q

situation that heighten awareness of social evaluation induce a state of () accompanied by feeling increased anxiety

A

ego involvement

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12
Q

situations that do not heighten an awareness of social evaluation evoke a state of () accompanied by feelings of low anxiety

A

task involvement

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13
Q

motivational climate

A

an environment that encourages or discourages motivation

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14
Q

mastery climate characteristics; gain positive reinforcement from coaches when

A
  1. work hard
  2. demonstrate improvement
  3. help others learn through cooperation
  4. believe that each player’s contribution is important
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15
Q

competitive climate characteristics;

A
  1. poor performance leads to punishment
  2. high performing athletes receive the most attention and accolade
  3. competition between members is encouraged
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16
Q

conditions for a good mastery environment

A
  1. tasks
  2. authority
  3. reward
  4. grouping
  5. evaluation
  6. timing
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17
Q

tasks

A

facilitate an interest through variety

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18
Q

authority

A

give them chances to be in charge

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19
Q

reward

A

focus on individual gains

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20
Q

grouping

A

so they can work on individual skills so they can learn to work with others as a team

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21
Q

evaluation

A

self tests focusing on effort and personal improvement

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22
Q

timing

A

make sure all is done in a timely manner

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23
Q

cluster analysis

A

magnifies differences between athletes in different clusters while at the same time minimizing differences between athletes that are within the same cluster or group

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24
Q

four emerging groups or cluster were titled

A
  1. high motivation
  2. maladaptive motivation
  3. low competence
  4. amotivation
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25
Q

sportsmanship

A

moral functioning with the concept of good or bad

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26
Q

moral functioning

A

good sportsmanship

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27
Q

prosocial behavior

A

voluntary behavior designed to benefit another person

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28
Q

antisocial behavior

A

behavior designed to disadvantage and perhaps harm another person

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29
Q

adaptive motivational patterns

A

they choose to participate in challenging tasks that allow them to demonstrate persistence and sustained effort

30
Q

maladaptive motivational patterns

A

motivation is to win but do not believe they can win they will not take part in challenging activities

31
Q

matching hypothesis

A

suggests that a high mastery (task) goal orientation in combination with a high mastery (task ) environmental climate should yield better outcomes than a mismatch between he two

32
Q

deliberate practice

A

defined as practice designed to enhance performance

33
Q

entity ability beliefs

A

the athlete believes that ability is a fixed and unchangeable capacity

34
Q

incremental ability beliefs

A

ability is conceptualized as something that can be changed through effort and practices

35
Q
  1. The notion that a high level of mastery goal orientation in combination with a strong mastery climate yields desirable behavioral outcomes.
A

Answer:

Compatibility component of the matching hypothesis.

36
Q
  1. According to theory, theworstcombination of goal orientation and motivational climate would be
A

Answer:

Low task orientation, low ego-orientation, competitive climate. *

37
Q
  1. Antisocial behavior:
A

Answer:

Voluntary behavior designed to disadvantage and perhaps harm another person.

38
Q
  1. Which of the following goal perspective terms are synonymous?
A

Answer:

Ego goal orientation and competitive goal orientation.

39
Q
  1. _____________ has been shown to have both a direct and indirect effect upon antisocial behavior toward athletic opponents.
A

Answer: ego goal orientation

40
Q
  1. Which of the following instruments measures the two classic goal perspective constructs of task and ego goal orientation?
A

Answer:

Task and Ego Orientation in Sport (TEOSQ).

41
Q
  1. Measurable aspects of moral functioning include
A

Answer:

Prosocial and antisocial behavior

42
Q
  1. Task oriented athletes
A

answer:

Endorse mastery strategies and focus upon self-referenced criteria for determining success.

43
Q
  1. Perceived ability is conceptualized as a function of how well I perform a task compared to how others perform the same task (social comparison)
A

Answer:

ego orientation *

44
Q
  1. Elliot and McGregor’s conceptualized 2 x 2 achievement goal framework in which achievement goals (task/ego) are crossed with the classic approach/avoidance conflict:
A

Answer:

achievement goals questionnaire for sport *

45
Q
  1. The notion that a high level of ego goal orientation in combination with a strong performance climate yields desirable behavioral outcomes.
A

Answer:

compatibility component of the matching hypothesis

46
Q
  1. High amounts of effort in mastering a task are perceived as being evidence of high ability.
A

Answer:

task orientation *

47
Q
  1. Which of the following is associated with a mastery climate?
A

Answer:

Players help each other learn through cooperation *

48
Q
  1. Research shows that task goal orientation and high moral functioning are linked to:
A

Answer:

High levels of sportspersonship *

49
Q
  1. According to Nicholl’s goal perspective theory, children mature as to how well they are able to differentiate between the concepts of ________,________,& ________.
A

Answer:

effort, ability, outcome

50
Q
  1. Incompatibility component of the matching hypothesis.
A

Answer:

Poor outcomes occur when goal orientation and motivational climate do not agree.

51
Q
  1. According to theory, the best combination of goal orientation and motivational climate would be
A

Answer:

High task orientation, high ego-orientation, mastery climate. *

52
Q
  1. Which of the following goal perspective terms are synonymous?
A

Answer:

Task goal orientation and mastery goal orientation

53
Q
  1. Statistical procedure that magnifies differences between athletes in different groups or clusters while at the same time minimizing differences between athletes that are within the same group.
A

Answer:

Cluster analysis *

54
Q
  1. Which is true about

Undifferentiated goal perspective.

A

Answer:

Effort, ability and outcome are all viewed by the child as being the same thing *

55
Q
  1. Which of the following statements is true relative to goal perspective theory?
A

Answer:

All of the above *

56
Q
  1. Goal involvement.
A

Answer:

situation specific response *

57
Q
  1. Situation specific state measure of how an individual relates to an achievement situation at a specific point in time.
A

Answer:

all of the above *

58
Q
  1. Maladaptive motivational patterns are associated with
A

Answer:

Ego oriented individual with a low perception of ability.

59
Q
  1. Adaptive motivational patterns are associated with
A

Answer:

all of the above *

60
Q
  1. Research shows that an individual can have a high score on task goal orientation as well as a high score on ego goal orientation. This observation illustrates the principle of
A

Answer:

orthogonality *

61
Q
  1. Differentiated goal perspective.
A

Answer:

All of the above

62
Q
  1. Voluntary behavior designed to benefit another person is
A

Answer:

prosocial behavior

63
Q
  1. According to Nicholas children ages two to six tend to be
A

Answer: task oriented *

64
Q
  1. According to Nicholls, children pass developmentally through ______ levels as they come to a fully differentiated goal perspective.
A

Answer:

Four *

65
Q
  1. The acronym TARGET represents the conditions that can be manipulated to create a mastery climate that is optimum for the development of intrinsic motivation. Which of the following isnota component part of TARGET?
A

Answer:

rewards for winning *

66
Q
  1. Which of the following is associated with a competitive climate?
A

Answer:

High ability athletes receive the most recognition

67
Q
  1. Incompatibility component of the matching hypothesis.
A

Answer:

Poor outcomes occur when goal orientation and motivational climate do not agree

68
Q
  1. Which of the following goal perspective terms are synonymous?
A

Answer:

Ego goal orientation and competitive goal orientation

69
Q
  1. Measurable aspects of moral functioning include
A

Answer:

Prosocial and antisocial behavior

70
Q
  1. Which is true about

Differentiated goal perspective.

A

Answer:

All of the above

71
Q
  1. Which is true about

Undifferentiated goal perspective.

A

Answer:

Effort, ability, and outcome are all viewed by the child as being the same thing.

Sport Psychology (6 decks)

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