chapter 4-6

Question 0

The distance between the mean of a data set and any given raw score in that set.

Answer 0

Deviation score

Question 1

The most frequent occurring category or value in a set if scores.

Answer 1

Mode

Question 2

The amount of spread or variability among the scores in a distribution.

Answer 2

Dispersion

Question 3

The simplest of three measures of central tendency.

Answer 3

Mode

Question 4

A measure of dispersion for variables of any level of measurement that is calculated as the proportion of cases located outside the modal category.

Answer 4

Variation ratio

Question 5

The score that cuts a distribution exactly in half such that 50% of the scores are above that value and 50% are below

Answer 5

Median

Question 6

p=f/N

Answer 6

Variation ratio formula

Question 7

Descriptive statistics that offer information about where the scores in a particular data set tend to cluster.

Answer 7

Measures of central tendency

Question 9

Can only be used with continuous data.

Is always positive

Answer 9

Variance

Question 10

Computed as the square root of the variance, a measure of dispersion that is the mean of the deviation scores.

Answer 10

Standard deviation

Question 11

Logical premises that form a set of predictions about the likelihood of certain events or the empirical results that one would expect to see in an infinite set of trails.

Answer 11

Probability theory

Question 12

A standardized version of a raw score that offers two pieces of information about the raw score.

1-how close it is to the distribution mean and
2-whether it is greater than or less than the mean.

Answer 12

Z score

Question 13

Also called the 50th percentile

Answer 13

Median

Question 14

A trial with exactly two possible outcomes. Also called a dichotomous or binary variable.

Answer 14

Binomial

Question 15

A distribution of raw scores from a sample or population that is symmetric, unimodal, and has an area of 1.00.

-differ from one another in metrics, means, and standard deviations

Answer 15

Normal curve

Question 16

The arithmetic average of a set of data

Answer 16

Mean

Question 17

A measure of dispersion for continuous variables that is calculated by subtracting the smallest score from the largest.
-simplest measure of dispersion

Answer 17

range

Question 18

A numerical result from a sample, such as a mean or frequency. Also called observed outcomes.

Answer 18

Empirical outcome

Question 19

The field of statistics in which a descriptive statistic derived from a sample is employed probabilistically to make a generalization or inference about the population from which the sample was drawn.

Answer 19

Inferential statistics

Question 20

The likelihood that a certain event will occur.

Answer 20

Probability

Question 21

A prediction, grounded in logic, about whether or not a certain event will occur.

Answer 21

Theoretical prediction

Question 21

An act that has several different possible outcomes.

Answer 21

Trial