Chapter 4

Question 1

Central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 1

the brain and spinal cord

Question 2

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 2

Portion outside of brain, sensory and motor nerves.

Question 3

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Answer 3

Functions during relaxed state and conserves energy.

Question 4

autonomic nervous system

Answer 4

regulates internal organs and glands

Question 5

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 5

Mobilizes bodily response during emotion and stress

Question 6

Glial cells

Answer 6

Support, nurture, insulate neurons, remove debris of died neurons

Question 7

3 parts of a neuron

Answer 7

• Cell body: genetic material and keeps the neurons alive
• dendrite: receiving and send messages
• axon: conducts impulses away from the cell body and transmits to other neurons

Question 8

Somatic nervous system

Answer 8

Contains receptors on skeletal muscles

Question 9

Reticular activating system

Answer 9

Arouses cortex and screens incoming information

Question 10

Neurogenesis

Answer 10

• Production of new growth of neurons from stem cells
• Stress = inhibit
• Nicotine = kills

Question 11

Neurotransmitters:

Answer 11

Chemical substance released by transmitting neurons at synapse that alters activity of receiving neuron.

Question 12

acetylcholine [at-seat-ol- Cole lean]

Answer 12

• muscle memory

Question 13

-Serotonin

Answer 13

mood, pain, and sleep

Question 14

Pons

Answer 14

Sleep, wake, and dreaming

Question 15

Myelin sheath

Answer 15

• Fatty insulation surrounding neurons to speed up neural impulse.
• it is not fully developed until 20’s

Question 16

Glutamate

Answer 16

• Major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, it is release by 90% of the brain’s neurons

Question 17

Hormones:

Answer 17

Chemical secreted by gland that affect the function of organs
-adrenal: involve in emotion and stress

Question 18

Medulla

Answer 18

Breathing and heart rate

Question 19

Cerebellum

Answer 19

• Regulates movement and balance
• remembering simple task
• plays a role in emotional and cognitive learning.

Question 20

Hypothalamus

Answer 20

Emotions and

Question 21

Pituitary gland

Answer 21

releases many hormones and regulates other endocrine glands.

Question 22

Amygdala

Answer 22

Regulation of emotion response to sensory information

Question 23

GABA

Answer 23

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter in brain

-Imbalances sleep, eating and convulse disorders

Question 24

Hippocampus

Answer 24

Storage of new information in memory

Question 25

Occipital lobe

Answer 25

Vision

Back of head

Question 26

Parietal lobe

Answer 26

Touch

Top of head

Question 27

Temporal lobe

Answer 27

Hearing

Sides of head

Question 28

Frontal lobe

Answer 28

Judgement

Front of head

Question 29

Left hemisphere

Answer 29

Order: Language, logic, sequential tasks

Question 30

Corpus callosum

Answer 30

Specialization of functions to the left and right hemispheres.

Question 31

Right hemisphere

Answer 31

Creative: visualization, music, pictures and identify facts

Question 32

GABA

Answer 32

major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain

Question 32

glutamate

Answer 32

major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain

Question 33

hormones

Answer 33

chemical secreted by a gland that affect the function of an organs

Question 34

adrenal hormones

Answer 34

increase arousal level and prepare for action and enhance memory

Question 35

how PET scans work

Answer 35

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Question 36

critical thinking on brain imaging in terms of behavior.

Answer 36

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Question 37

split brain

Answer 37

as if having two different brains in the same head

Question 38

neural plasticity

Answer 38

the. brain’s ability to grow and repair itself after damage

Question 39

Differences in the sexes

Answer 39

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