Chapter 1 Flashcards
Psychology:
Study of mental process and behavior.
Empirical
Relay on or derived from observation, experiment or measurement.
What is the difference between Psychological and non-psychological methods?
Psychology: relayed or from observations, experiments,and proven results.
Non-psychology: built on guesses, bias opinions, or out of date information.
Critical thinking:
Ability and willingness to access claims on the basis of well supported evidence, not emotion or stories.
What are the 8 guidelines of critical thinking?
1) ask questions 2) define terms 3) examine evidence
4) Analyze assumptions 5) don’t oversimplify
6) avoid emotional reasoning 7) consider other interpretations
8) tolerate uncertainty
Clinical psychologist
Diagnoses, treats, and/or studies mental and emotional problems, both mild and severe
-has a PhD or a PsyD
Psychiatrist
- Similar to work of clinical psychologist (treats and studies mental and emotional) but likely to take a biological approach
- MD
- specialty in psychiatry
Psychotherpist
A person doing psychotherapy
No degree ~ advanced degree (term is unregulated)
Psychoanalyst
- Practices psychoanalysis
- advanced degree (MD, PhD)
- may treat any kind of emotional disorder or disease
Licensed Clinical Social Worker
Marriage, family and child counselor
- Typically common individual and family problems.
- also deal with serious problems (such as addiction or abuse
- licensing vary generally MA in psychology or social work.
Phrenology:
The theory that different areas of the brain account for specific character traits. Read by feeling the person’s head.
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
He established the first psychology laboratory.
Psychoanalysis:
- Sigmund Freud
- unconscious drives, motives, and interpretation of dreams
- still used!
What are the 4 major psychology perspectives?
1) Biology 2) Learning
3) Cognitive 4) Sociocultural
Biological perspective
- How bodily events affect actions, thoughts and feelings.
- Nature (nature or nurture)
