Chapter 4

Question 1

Activity limitation

Answer 1

Difficultly encountered by an individual in executing a task or action.

Question 2

Participation restriction

Answer 2

A problem experienced by individual involvement in life situations.

Question 3

Disability

Answer 3

An umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions.

Question 4

Disability prevalence

higher estimate

Answer 4

15% of the population

Question 5

Impairment

Answer 5

Problem in body function or structure.

Question 6

Why are disability numbers growing?

Answer 6

Aging population, global increase in chronic health conditions associated with disability.

Question 7

Chronic diseases are estimated to account for what percent of all years lived with disability in low and middle income countries?

Answer 7

66.5%

Question 8

Stereotype

Answer 8

A simplified and/or standardized conception or image, often held in common by people about another group.

Question 9

There is higher disability prevalence in ______ income countries.

Answer 9

Lower income countries

Question 10

Do women or do men with disabilities face gender discrimination and more disabling barriers?

Answer 10

Women

Question 11

Most excluded group from the labor market

Answer 11

Those with mental health difficulties and intellectual disabilities

Question 12

Models of disability

Answer 12

Representations that become firmly established and are used to understand, think, and talk about disability.

Question 13

Charity model of disability

Answer 13

People with disabilities:

• should be pitied
• need our help
• are victims of their impairment
• broken/sick
• need to be fixed/cured
• not contributing members of society

Question 14

A problem with the charity model of disability is that it results in…?

Answer 14

It’s stigmatizing and it gives people low self-esteem

Question 15

Medical model of disability

Answer 15

• Disability is an illness or medical condition
• it’s an individual problem
• it can be cured or cared for
• Professionals have the control

Question 16

Problems with the medical model of disability?

Answer 16

• person is the problem, not the society

- justifies systematic exclusion

Question 17

Impairment

medical model

Answer 17

Any loss or optimality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function.

Question 18

Disability

medical model

Answer 18

Any restrictions or lack (resulting from impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being.

Question 19

The social model of disability

Answer 19

• disability is not an individual problem
• disability is a social issue
• cure lives in restructuring society
• disadvantage due to a complex form of institutional discrimination is fundamental to our society as sexism, racism, homophobia

Question 20

Impairment

social model

Answer 20

The functional limitations with in the individual caused by physical, mental or sensory impairment.

Question 21

Disability

social model

Answer 21

The loss or limitation of opportunities to take part in the normal life of the community on an equal level with others due to physical and social barriers.

Question 22

Rights-based model of disability

Answer 22

Focus: the fulfilment of human rights

Laws and policies he must’ve sure the barriers created by society are removed.

Question 23

Two main elements of the rights based model of disability

Answer 23

• empowerment: people with disabilities as active stakeholders
• accountability: duty of public institutions and structures to implement human rights

Question 24

Attitudinal barriers

Answer 24

Fear, ignorance, low expectations

Question 25

Environmental barriers

Answer 25

Results in physical inaccessibility affecting all aspects of life (markets, shops, public buildings, transport, etc.)

Question 26

Institutional barriers

Answer 26

• Legal discrimination

- being excluded from certain rights

Question 27

UDHR

Answer 27

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Question 28

ICESCR

Answer 28

International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights

Question 29

ICCPR

Answer 29

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

Question 30

Who are vulnerable groups?

Answer 30

Minorities, First Nations, disabled, women, children, elderly, unemployed.

Question 31

CRPD

Answer 31

United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities

Adopted in 2006

Question 32

Aim of CRPD?

Answer 32

Promote, protect, and ensure the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights by persons with disabilities.

Question 33

CRPD marks a shift in thinking about disability from a ____ concern, to a ____ issue.

Answer 33

From a social welfare concern to human rights issue.

Question 34

Does the CRPD create new rights and entitlement?

Answer 34

No, it make sure the people with disabilities get the rights they are entitled to already.

Question 35

What percent of construction costs does it require to make buildings accessible?

Answer 35

1% of costs needs to be invested at beginning of construction.

Question 36

What percent of employers reported that employees with disabilities do not require any special attention?

Answer 36

75%

Question 37

How much more likely do persons with disabilities report that they find their healthcare provider skills are inadequate to meet their needs?

Answer 37

Twice as likely

Question 38

What are some reasons that residential institutions are bad?

Answer 38

Lack of autonomy, segregation from wider community, other human rights violations.

Question 39

Mainstreaming

Answer 39

The process by which governments and stakeholders address the barriers that exclude persons with disabilities from participating equally with others in any activity and from services intended for the general public.

Question 40

Ways to improve data collection on disability

Answer 40

• implement the CRPD nationally and internationally

- uniform definitions of disability based on the ICF allows for comparable data