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Anaphy > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

covers surfaces, line body cavities, and form protective sheets around organs

A

Body Membranes

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2
Q

Simple Organs; contains an epithelial layer and an underlying layer of connective tissue

A

Epithelial Membrane

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3
Q

is composed of two layers, the superficial epidermis (has stratified squamous epithelium) and the underlying dermis (mostly dense (fibrous) connective tissue); exposed to air and is a dry membrane

A

Cutaneous Membrane / Skin

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4
Q

composed of epithelium resting on a loose connective tissue membrane; lines all body cavites that open to the exterior

A

Mucous Membrane / Mucosa

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5
Q

composed of a single layer of simple squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of areolar connective tissue; lines body cavities that are closed to the exterior

A

Serous Membrane / Serosa

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6
Q

covers the organs

A

Visceral Layer

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7
Q

lines the wall of the ventral body cavity

A

Parietal Layer

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8
Q

line the fibrous capsules surrounding joints, where they provide a smooth surface and secrete a lubricating fluid

A

Synovial Membrane

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9
Q

functions of the integumentary system

A
  1. Protects
  2. Temperature
  3. Mini-Excretory System
  4. Chemical Plants
  5. Sensation
  6. Storage of Water and Lipids
  7. Absorbtion
  8. Communication
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10
Q

deepest; lies closest to the dermis

A

Stratum Basale

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11
Q

8-10 cell layers with irregular, polyhedral cells with cytoplasmic spiky/spiny processes, that extend outward and contact neighboring cells by desmosome; contains keratinocytes and Langerhans cells

A

Stratum Spinosum

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12
Q

granule cell layer; contains diamond shaped cells with keratohyalin granules amd lamellar granules

A

Stratum Granulosum

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13
Q

thin clean layer consisting of eleidin which is a transformation product of keratohyalin; only occurs where skin is hairless and extra thick like palm and sole

A

Stratum Lucidum

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14
Q

uppermost layer, made up of keratin and horny scales made up pf dead keratinocytes

A

Stratum Corneum

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15
Q

Function of epidermis

A
  1. Protect
  2. Waterproofing
  3. UV protection
  4. Immune defense
  5. Sensation
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16
Q

a strong, stretchy envelope that helps bind the body together

A

Dermis

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17
Q

superficial dermal region

A

Papillary Layer

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18
Q

deepest skin layer

A

Reticular Layer

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19
Q

Function of dermis

A
  1. Support and elasticity
  2. Nourishment of the Epidermis
  3. Temperature regulation
  4. Sensation
  5. Excretion and moisture
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20
Q

an area of skin and underlying tissue damage; aka pressure ulcer or bed sore

A

Decubitus Ulcer

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21
Q

causes of decubitus ulcer

A
  1. Prolong pressure
  2. Friction
  3. Shearing
  4. Moisture
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22
Q

intact skin with non-blanchable redness of a localized area

A

Stage I of Decubitus Ulcer

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23
Q

partial thickness skin loss of dermis

A

Stage II of Decubitus Ulcer

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24
Q

full thickness skin loss

A

Stage III of Decubitus Ulcer

25
full thickness tissue loss; exposed bone, tissue, or tendon
Stage IV of Decubitus Ulcer
26
produced by melanocytes in the epidermis
Melanin
27
deposited in the stratum corneum and subcutaneous tissue; an orange-yellow pigment
Carotene
28
sourced from red blood cells; it is red when oxygenated and blue-red when deoxygenated
Hemoglobin
29
Reddened skin may indicate embarrassment, fever, hypertension, inflammation, or allergy
Redness/Erythema
30
skin turns pale
Blanching
31
abnormal yellow skin
Jaundice
32
black and blue marks
Bruises
33
a medical condition where the skin, lips and mucous membranes develops a bluish or purplish tint
Cyanosis
34
causes of cyanosis
1. Respiratory disorder 2. Heart condition 3. Blood disorder 4. Obstruction of airways 5. Low oxygen environment
35
they are all exocrine glands that are formed by the cells of the stratum basale
Cutaneous Glands
36
oil glands found all over the skin, except on the palms of the hands and sole of the feet
Sebaceous Glands
37
Function of sebaceous glands
1. Lubrication 2. Protection 3. Water retention 4. Acidic Barrier
38
active infection of sebaceous glands
Acne
39
occurs in infants due to over-activity of the sebaceous gland; “cradle cap”
Seborrhea
40
widely distributed in the skin; more than 2.5 million per person
Sweat Glands
41
more numerous sweat glands and found all over the body
Eccrine Glands
42
sweat glands largely confined to the axillary and genital areas of the body
Apocrine Glands
43
small, fluid-filled blisters that itch and sting; occurs around the lips
Cold Sores (Fever Blisters)
44
itching, redness, and swelling of the skin, caused by exposure to chemicals
Contact Dermatitis
45
itchy, red peeling of the skin between the toes
Athletes Foot
46
inflammation of hair follicles and surrounding tissues
Furuncles (Boils) and Carbuncles
47
pink, fluid-filled , raised lesions that develop a yellow crust and eventually rupture
Impetigo
48
a chronic condition of reddened epidermal lesions covered with dry, silvery scales that itch, burn, crack, and sometimes bleed
Psoriasis
49
tissue damage, cell death, and denaturing of proteins caused by intense heat
Burns
50
divides the body into 11 areas, each which accounts 9% of the total body surface area
Rule of Nines
51
only the superficial epidermis is damage; area becomes red and swollen
First degree burn
52
superficial partial-thickness burn, the area is red, painful, and blistered
Second degree burn
53
Full-thickness burn, destroyed both the epidermis and dermis
Third degree burns
54
full-thickness burns; extend into deeper tissues, such as bones, muscles, or tendons
Fourth degree burns
55
most common type of cancer in the human
Skin Cancer
56
least malignant and most common skin cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma
57
grows rapidly and metastasizes to adjacent lymph nodes if not removed; appears most often on the scalp, ears, back of hands, and lower lip
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
58
cancer of melanocytes; arises from accumulated DNA damage in the skin cells
Malignant Melanoma
59
ABCDE rule for recognizing melanoma
1. Asymmetry 2. Border irregularity 3. Color 4. Diameter 5. Evolution

Anaphy (4 decks)

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