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Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Study of body structure and shape, its parts, and their relationship to one another.

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

Study of large, visible structure

A

Gross/Macroscopic Anatomy

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3
Q

Study of complete anatomy of a particular region of the body

A

Regional Anatomy

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4
Q

Study of specific systems of the body

A

System Anatomy

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5
Q

Study of the anatomy that can be seen at the surface of the body

A

Surface Anatomy

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6
Q

Study of structures too small to be seen by the naked eye

A

Microscopic Anatomy

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7
Q

microscopic study of the cell

A

Cytology

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8
Q

Microscopic study of tissues

A

Histology

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9
Q

Study of developments before birth

A

Developmental Anatomy

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10
Q

Comparing human anatomy to the anatomy of other species to understand evolutionary adaptations and functional relationship

A

Comparative Anatomy

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11
Q

Study of structural changes associated with diseases

A

Pathological Anatomy

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12
Q

Uses imaging techniques like X-rays, MRIs, CT scans and, ultrasounds to visualize internal structures without dissection

A

Radiological Anatomy

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13
Q

Study of anatomical landmarks and structures essential for surgeries

A

Surgical Anatomy

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14
Q

Study of body functions and processes

A

Physiology

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15
Q

Studies functions of the cells

A

Cell Physiology

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16
Q

studies the specific function of organs

A

Organ Physiology

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17
Q

studies the functions of the nervous system

A

NeuroPhysiology

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18
Q

studies the function of the human body system

A

System Physiology

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19
Q

studies hormones and how they affect and control body functions

A

Endocrine Physiology

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20
Q

Levels of Structural Organization

A
  1. Chemical Level
  2. Cellular Level
  3. Tissue Level
  4. Organ Level
  5. Organ System Level
  6. Organism Level
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21
Q

smallest and least complex level

A

Chemical Level

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22
Q

microscopic cells which is the basic unit or building block of every organism

A

Cellular Level

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23
Q

group of cells with similar structures and function

A

Tissue Level

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24
Q

Four Broad types of tissue

A
  1. Epithelial
  2. Muscular
  3. Connective
  4. Nervous
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25
two or more tissue types acting together to perform function/s
Organ Level
26
group of organs working together to carry out bodily functions
Organ System Level
27
most complex level and all organ systems working together
Organism Level
28
All Organ Systems
1. Integumentary System 2. Skeletal System 3. Muscular System 4. Nervous System 5. Endocrine System 6. Cardiovascular System 7. Lymphatic System 8. Respiratory System 9. Digestive System 10. Urinary System 11. Reproductive System
29
external body covering
Integumentary System
30
Protects and supports body organs
Skeletal System
31
allows locomotion and maintain posture
Muscular System
32
control system of the body
Nervous System
33
contains glands that secrete hormones which regulates body processes
Endocrine System
34
facilitates internal transport of cells and dissolved materials (ex. oxygen, hormones, nutrients, wastes)
Cardiovascular System
35
defense against infection and diseases
Lymphatic System
36
deliver air in and out of the body
Respiratory System
37
breaking down and processes food and absorption of organic nutrients
Digestive System
38
eliminates excess wastes
Urinary system
39
produces sex cells, hormones, and offspring
Reproductive System
40
Necessary Life Functions
1. Maintaining Boundaries 2. Movement 3. Responsive/Irritability 4. Digestive 5. Metabolism 6. Excretion 7. Reproduction 8. Growth
41
separation of he external from the internal
Maintaining Boundaries
42
motion of the whole body, organs, single cells, and even the tiny structures within cells, as well as the movement of internal substances
Movement
43
Ability to sense and respond to changes in the environment, both internal and external
Responsiveness/Irritability
44
process of breaking down food and absorbing nutrients
Digestion
45
sum of all chemical reactions within the body
Metabolism
46
2 types of metabolism
1. anabolism - break down complex to simple substance 2. catabolism - build up simple to complex substance
47
process of removing wastes from the body
Excretion
48
process of producing offspring
Reproduction
49
increase in cell size of body size
Growth
50
maintenance of stable internal condition
Homeostasis
51
5 Homeostatic Control Variable
1. Stimulus 2. Receptor 3. Control center 4. Effector 5. Response
52
any change in the environtment
Stimulus
53
a sensor that responds to the stimuli by sending signals/information to the control center
Receptor
54
the nervous system; determines the appropriate response or course of action
Control Center
55
responds to the stimuli based on signals received from the control center
Effector
56
corrective measure of the body to the stimulus
Response
57
response that maintains homeostasis; shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity
Negative Feedback Mechanism
58
causes more action to occur
Positive Feedback Mechanism
59
Dorsal cavities
1. Cranial - inside the skull that protects the brain 2. Spinal - inside the spinal cord
60
Ventral cavities
1. Thoracic - chest 2. Adominal - liver, stomach 3. Pelvic - reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum
61
Other Body Cavities
1. Oral Cavities 2. Digestive Cavities 3. Nasal Cavities 4. Orbital Cavities 5. Middle Ear Cavities

Anaphy (4 decks)

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