CHAPTER 4 Flashcards
BASED ON CAUSE
- NATURAL CAUSE
- ACCIDENTAL CAUSE
- INTENTIONAL CAUSE
BASED ON BURNING FUEL
CLASS A
CLASS B
CLASS C
CLASS D
CLASS K
a natural current with a great magnitude, producing tremendous amperage and voltage.
LIGHTING
- Automatic chemical reaction that results to spontaneous combustion due to auto-ignition of organic materials, the gradual rising of heat until ignition temperature is reached.
SPONTANEOUS HEATING
- a form of static electricity
LIGHTING
-A lightning may be in the front of:
- HOT BOLT
- COLD BOLT
- RADIATION OF SUNLIGHT
-longer In Duration
HOT BOLT
- capable only of igniting combustible materials.
HOT BOLT
-shorter in duration
COLD BOLT
-capable of splintering a property or literally blowing apart an entire structure, produces electrical current with tremendous amperage and very high temperatures.
COLD BOLT
-When sunlight hits a concave mirror
RADIATION OF SUNLIGHT
-concentrating the light on a combustible the light on a combustible material thereby igniting it.
RADIATION OF SUNLIGHT
TYPES OF NATURAL COVER FIRES
- GROUND FIRES
- Surface fires
- CROWN FIRES
- SPOT FIRES
travel at ground level or below the surface.
GROUND FIRES
-these fires occur on the ground and below the leaves
GROUND FIRES
-sometimes called as UNDERGROUND OR SUBSURFACE FIRES
GROUND FIRES
burn over grass, weeds, grain, bush, and shrubs.
Surface fires
-occur in the surface of the forest up to around 1.3 to 1.5m high
Surface fires
-burn only surface litter and duff
Surface fires
-they are the easiest to put out
Surface fires
SURFACE FIRES -occur in the surface of the forest up to around _______ high
1.3 to 1.5m
- are on the tops of trees and high brush
CROWN FIRES
-occur on top of the trees
CROWN FIRES
-they burn trees up their entire length to the top
CROWN FIRES
-are considered the most dangerous fires and they spread the fastest
CROWN FIRES
PARTS OF NATURAL COVER FIRE
HEAD
TAIL
FLANKS
are started in advance of the heads by windows sparks on bits burning material.
SPOT FIRES
is the point where the Fireline is progressing faster.
HEAD
The withdraw or upward portion of the fire is called the?
TAIL
METHODS FOR CONTROLLING AND EXTINGUISHING VARIOUS TYPES OF NATURAL COVER FIRES.
· SECTIONAL METHOD
· ONE- LICKED METHOD
· FIRE BREAKS
· BACKFIRES
All portions of the fire lone between the tail and the various heads and those slower burning areas between the heads are called the?
FLANKS
consists of placing a unit on a specific section of the Fireline.
SECTIONAL METHOD
- Its mission is to stop the progress of the fire, extinguishing it at the Fireline, and execute mop- up patrol work.
SECTIONAL METHOD
-The unit has full responsibility for that section of the Fireline.
SECTIONAL METHOD
-This method is best used against a slow- moving fire.
SECTIONAL METHOD
- It is the fastest and easiest method to use on a running fire.
ONE- LICKED METHOD
-A team is placed at the location designated as the Fireline and ordered to work in a specific section.
ONE- LICKED METHOD
- Artificial firebreaks consist of roads, highways, survey lines, or cleared areas.
FIRE BREAKS
are employed to burn back toward the advancing heads, thus creating a fast break and stopping the fire because of a lack of fuel.
BACKFIRES
BASED ON CAUSE
- ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS
- PURELY ACCIDENTAL CAUSES.
- NEGLIGENCE AND OTHER FORMS OF HUMAN ERROR.
-The most common cause of a fire in a building is poor electrical wiring and faulty equipment
ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS
ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS
-The most common cause of a fire in a building is poor electrical wiring and faulty equipment in the form of?
· SHORT CIRCUIT
· ARCING
· SPARKING
· INDUCED CURRENT
· OVERHEATING OF ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES
- unusual or accidental connection between two points at different potentials.
SHORT CIRCUIT
- the production of sustained luminous electrical discharge between separated electrodes;
ARCING
-an electric hazard that results when electrical current crosses the gap between 2 electrical conductors.
ARCING
- production of incandescent particles when two different potentials (charged conductors) come in contact;
SPARKING
-occurs during short circuits or welding operations.
SPARKING
- Increased electrical energy flow or power voltage;
INDUCED CURRENT
sudden increase of electrical current resulting to burning of appliances.
INDUCED CURRENT
- the increase or rising of amperage while electric current is flowing in a transmission line.
OVERHEATING OF ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES
INTENTIONAL CAUSE
- ACCELERANT
- PLANT
- TRAILER
- the preparation and or gathering of combustible materials needed to start a fire.
PLANT
- highly flammable chemicals that are used to facilities flame propagation.
ACCELERANT
- the preparation of flammable substances in order to spread the fire.,
TRAILER
