CHAPTER 4 Flashcards
genotype of AB
AB
GENOTYPE OF B
BB,Bo
genotype of O
oo
genotype of A
AA, Ao
antigen of A
A
antigen of B
B
antigen of AB
AB
antigen of O
NEITHER A NOR B OR NONE
Antibodies/Agglutinin in Serum of A
Anti – B
Antibodies/Agglutinin in Serum of B
Anti – A
Antibodies/Agglutinin in Serum of AB
Neither Anti – A or Anti – B
Antibodies/Agglutinin in Serum of O
Anti – A and Anti – B
A+ GIVERS
A+, AB+
O+ GIVERS
O+, A+, B+, AB+
B+ GIVERS
B+,AB+
AB+ GIVERS
AB+
A- GIVERS
A+, A-, AB+, AB-
O- GIVERS
EVERYONE
B- GIVERS
B+, B-, AB+, AB-
AB- GIVERS
AB+, AB-
RECEIVES A+
A+, A-, O+, O-
RECEIVES O+
O+, O-
RECEIVES B+
B+, B-, O+, O-
RECEIVES AB+
EVERYONE
RECEIVES A-
A-, O-
RECEIVES O-
O-
RECEIVES B-
B-, O-
RECEIVES AB-
AB-, A-, B-, O-
POSITIVE ANTI SERUM A, NEGATIVE SERUM B. WHAT BLOOD GROUP
A
NEGATIVE SERUM A, POSITIVE SERUM B. WHAT GROUP
B
BOTH POSITIVE SERUM A AND B. WHAT BLOOD GROUP
AB
BOTH NEGATIVE A AND B ANTI SERUM. WHAT BLOOD GROUP
O
O x O WHAT POSSIBLE CHILD
O
A x O CHILD?
A O
A x A CHILD?
A O
B x O CHILD
B O
B x B CHILD
B O
A x B CHILD
O , A , B , AB
AB x O CHILD
A , B
AB x A CHILD
A , B , AB
AB x B CHILD
A , B , AB
AB x AB CHILD
A , B , AB
NOT POSSIBLE AB X AB
O
NOT POSSIBLE AB X B
O
NOT POSSIBLE AB X A
O
NOT POSSIBLE AB X O
O, AB
NOT POSSIBLE A X B
NONE
NOT POSSIBLE B X B
A, AB
NOT POSSIBLE B X O
A, AB
NOT POSSIBLE A X A
B, AB
NOT POSSIBLE A X O
B, AB
NOT POSSIBLE O X O
A , B , AB
is an important part in the routine investigation of sexual offenses like cases of rape, adultery, sodomy, bestiality and sexual homicide.
SEMEN AND SEMINAL STAINS
– This refers to a whitish fluid of the male reproductive tract consisting of spermatozoa suspended in secretion of accessory glands.
SEMEN
–it only last on the environment
SEMEN
PARTS OF THE SEMEN
a. SEMINAL FLUID
b. FORMED CELLULAR ELEMENTS
– has characteristic alkaline odor, it is viscid, gelatinous and sticky.
SEMINAL FLUID
– This refers to small objects with a pear – shaped head behind is a short neck and then a tail of about ten times as long as the head.
SPERMATOZOA OR SPERM CELL
–It becomes more liquid in character when exposed to air for one and half – hour due probably to enzymatic reaction that is slightly alkaline in reaction.
SEMINAL FLUID
FORMED CELLULAR ELEMENTS which includes:
- SPERMATOZOA OR SPERM CELL
- EPITHELIAL CELLS
- CRYSTAL OF CHOLINE AND LECITHIN
–carry the genes of the boys
SEMINAL FLUID
are unintended part wherein ito yung track na dinadaanan
EPITHELIAL CELLS AND CRYSTAL OF CHOLINE AND LECITHIN
–it is important because it carries the DNA that produces the semen
SPERMATOZOA OR SPERM CELL
_____________ is the normal quantity of seminal fluid in single ejaculation 400 to 500 million is the total number of spermatozoa contained in a single ejaculate from a healthy young man.
One point five (1.5) ml to 3.5 ml
One point five (1.5) ml to 3.5 ml is the normal quantity of seminal fluid in single ejaculation ____________ is the total number of spermatozoa contained in a single ejaculate from a healthy young man.
400 to 500 million
CASES WHERE IN EJACULATION HAS NO SPERMATOZOA
- AZOOSPERMIA
- OLIGOSPERMIA
- NECROSPERMIA
– This refers to the complete absence of spermatozoa from the ejaculate.
AZOOSPERMIA
-This diagnosis must be confirmed by centrifugation of a semen specimen for 15 min at room temperature with high-powered microscopic examination of the pellet and a centrifugation speed of at least 3,000g. (US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, 2004)
AZOOSPERMIA
-Semen with less than about 20,000,000 sperms per ml are likely to be infertile. (Youngson, 2005)
OLIGOSPERMIA
– This refers to an abnormally low concentration of sperms in the seminal fluid.
OLIGOSPERMIA
-Fertile semen contains about 100,000,000 sperms per ml.
OLIGOSPERMIA
