Chapter 4 Flashcards
What is gross motor development?
Development of physical movement abilities requiring large muscle groups or whole body movements.
What is fine motor developement?
development of physical movement abilities involving small and precise movements of hands.
What is the first milestone of gross Motor developement for an infant?
Holding Head up - 6 weeks.
What is the second milestone for an infant?
Rolling Over - 5 months
What is the Third milestone for an infant?
Sitting without support, Crawling at 7 months.
What is the final gross motor development for an infant?
Standing, walking - 12 months.
what is visual acuity?
The ability to see small details and patterns. Infant’s acuity is poor.
What is the visual cliff experiement?
A glass covered platform which one side is patterened under a glass while the other is over a patterned surface,
What is the sleeping reccommendation for Toddlers 1-2 years?
11-14 hours per 24 hour periods.
What is the sleeping reccomendation for Infants 4-12 months?
12-16 hours per 24 hour period.
What is SIDS?
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome - Death within the first year of life due to unknown reasons, irrelavent to illness.
What are the risk factor for SIDS:
Sleeping on the stomach
sleeping in bed with caregiversft
soft or loose bedding
Sleeping in a room that is too hot
two or more layers of clothing
low birth weight.
Current reccommendation for avoiding SIDS during sleeping?
Babies up to 6 months of age should sleep on their backs in a crib in the same room as a parent.
What are the benefits of Breastfeeding for Infants?
- Decreases SIDS,
- Promotes cognitive development
-Better health at childhood
What are the benefits of Breastfeeding for Mothers?
- Oxytocins reduces bleeding in uterus
- Helps mother return to pre-babyu weight
- Suppresses ovulation
What Synaptogenesis?
The creation of a synapse, occurs in the cortex during the first years after birth.
What is synaptic pruning?
When unnecessary pathways are eleminated during a baby’s growth spurt.
What is myelinization?
the process that new myelin sheathes are developed around individual axons.
What are Adaptive Reflexes?
Natural bodily reflexes that require measure for aid of survival
What is rooting reflexes?
When a newborn’s cheek is touched, it will turn its head to the side
What is sucking reflexes?
When newborns automatically begin sucking any object that enters the mouth.
What are primitive reflexes?
They control the medulla and midbrain, tjeu are patterns of natural reactions upon stimuli.
What are states of consciousness?
States of neonate’s sleep and wakefulness.
What are Neonate’s sleep structures?
Sleeping - Eyes closed, between stillness and regular breathing for (16-18) hours a day.
What is the structure of Neonate’s alert inactivity?
Baby is calm, attentive, scanning environment through eyes.
Why do neonate’s cry?
Usually agitated with uncoordinated motion.
How do girls differ in terms of maturity?
- Separate bones of the wrist appear earlier in girls than in boys.
- Boys are typically more active.
- In both human and primate studies, babies display a clear preference for rough and tumble play.
