Chapter 4

Question 1

What is gross motor development?

Answer 1

Development of physical movement abilities requiring large muscle groups or whole body movements.

Question 2

What is fine motor developement?

Answer 2

development of physical movement abilities involving small and precise movements of hands.

Question 3

What is the first milestone of gross Motor developement for an infant?

Answer 3

Holding Head up - 6 weeks.

Question 4

What is the second milestone for an infant?

Answer 4

Rolling Over - 5 months

Question 5

What is the Third milestone for an infant?

Answer 5

Sitting without support, Crawling at 7 months.

Question 6

What is the final gross motor development for an infant?

Answer 6

Standing, walking - 12 months.

Question 7

what is visual acuity?

Answer 7

The ability to see small details and patterns. Infant’s acuity is poor.

Question 8

What is the visual cliff experiement?

Answer 8

A glass covered platform which one side is patterened under a glass while the other is over a patterned surface,

Question 9

What is the sleeping reccommendation for Toddlers 1-2 years?

Answer 9

11-14 hours per 24 hour periods.

Question 10

What is the sleeping reccomendation for Infants 4-12 months?

Answer 10

12-16 hours per 24 hour period.

Question 11

What is SIDS?

Answer 11

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome - Death within the first year of life due to unknown reasons, irrelavent to illness.

Question 12

What are the risk factor for SIDS:

Answer 12

Sleeping on the stomach
sleeping in bed with caregiversft
soft or loose bedding
Sleeping in a room that is too hot
two or more layers of clothing
low birth weight.

Question 13

Current reccommendation for avoiding SIDS during sleeping?

Answer 13

Babies up to 6 months of age should sleep on their backs in a crib in the same room as a parent.

Question 14

What are the benefits of Breastfeeding for Infants?

Answer 14

• Decreases SIDS,
• Promotes cognitive development
  -Better health at childhood

Question 15

What are the benefits of Breastfeeding for Mothers?

Answer 15

• Oxytocins reduces bleeding in uterus
• Helps mother return to pre-babyu weight
• Suppresses ovulation

Question 16

What Synaptogenesis?

Answer 16

The creation of a synapse, occurs in the cortex during the first years after birth.

Question 17

What is synaptic pruning?

Answer 17

When unnecessary pathways are eleminated during a baby’s growth spurt.

Question 18

What is myelinization?

Answer 18

the process that new myelin sheathes are developed around individual axons.

Question 19

What are Adaptive Reflexes?

Answer 19

Natural bodily reflexes that require measure for aid of survival

Question 20

What is rooting reflexes?

Answer 20

When a newborn’s cheek is touched, it will turn its head to the side

Question 21

What is sucking reflexes?

Answer 21

When newborns automatically begin sucking any object that enters the mouth.

Question 22

What are primitive reflexes?

Answer 22

They control the medulla and midbrain, tjeu are patterns of natural reactions upon stimuli.

Question 23

What are states of consciousness?

Answer 23

States of neonate’s sleep and wakefulness.

Question 24

What are Neonate’s sleep structures?

Answer 24

Sleeping - Eyes closed, between stillness and regular breathing for (16-18) hours a day.

Question 25

What is the structure of Neonate’s alert inactivity?

Answer 25

Baby is calm, attentive, scanning environment through eyes.

Question 26

Why do neonate’s cry?

Answer 26

Usually agitated with uncoordinated motion.

Question 27

How do girls differ in terms of maturity?

Answer 27

• Separate bones of the wrist appear earlier in girls than in boys.
• Boys are typically more active.
• In both human and primate studies, babies display a clear preference for rough and tumble play.