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Environmental Science > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

When the rate of change or doubling time is constant in a population, the population is said to experience?

A

Exponential growth

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2
Q

rN or rN (1-N/K) is equivalent to

A

Rate of change

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3
Q

Blank populations go up and down and blank populations go up, then settle at a single level

A

R then K

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4
Q

What tends to be always in the exponential growth phase?

A

R-selected species

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5
Q

J curve equals what and s curve equals what

A

S curve is logistical growth while J curve is exponential curve

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6
Q

Environmental resistance keeping a population in balance matches what population curve?

A

S curve

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7
Q

What strategists have high biotic potential but poor recruitment, mostly?

A

R-strategists. Female cod fish, many eggs, abandons them.

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8
Q

Passage from infant to adulthood is

A

Recruitment

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9
Q

Potential/ability to produce offspring

A

Biotic potential

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10
Q

What strategist has low biotic potential but good recruitment?

A

K strategists: Humans & whales don’t have many kids but take care of their children they do have

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11
Q

What factors are needed to regulate a population?

A

Density dependent factors

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12
Q

Density independent factors are not associated with what?

A

Population regulation

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13
Q

A population size below what is needed to recover?

A

Critical Number

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14
Q

What percent of cheetahs reach good recruitment?

A

5%

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15
Q

What strategists have an advantage in unstable environments, are smaller, live shorter, give birth younger, more offspring, no parental care, and fluctuating populations.

A

R-Strategists

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16
Q

What strategist benefit from more stable environments, larger size, longer lifespan, older first birth, fewer kids, long parenting, and stable populations

A

K-strategists

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17
Q

living together in more-or-less intimate association or close union of two dissimilar organisms (as in parasitism or commensalism)

A

Symbiosis

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18
Q

Does commensalism have a positive or negative affect?

A

Positive on one species and neutral on the other

19
Q

Is the predator and prey relationship symbiosis?

A

No

20
Q

Why do wolves never eat all the moose on royal island?

A

Because they target the old, the young, and the disabled.

21
Q

An exception to survival of the fittest in predator interactions is?

A

Sport fishing

22
Q

Too many herbivores with no predators can lead to what two issues?

A

Starvation and destruction of flora

23
Q

A species whose role is essential for the survival of many other species in an ecosystem

A

Keystone Species

24
Q

California kelp forest in 2008 ceased in what year?

A

2019

25
Q

Competition between members of the same species?

A

Intraspecific competition

26
Q

Survival of the fittest

A

Natural Selection

27
Q

Division of a resource and specialization in different parts of it

A

Resource partitioning

28
Q

A physical change that lessens competition when two species co-occur

A

Character displacement

29
Q

Cape May warblers, blackburnian warbler, bay-breasted warbler, black throated green warbler, and yellow-rumped warbler live where?

A

In spruce forests in maine

30
Q

Polar bears are descended from what, 150,000 years ago?

A

Brown bears ursus maritimus

31
Q

What are a species options to responding to abiotic or biotic factors/changes?

A

Adaptation, migration, or extinction

32
Q

Lead poisoning, low biotic potential i.e. raising one chick every two yrs, and running into power lines nearly caused the extinction of what?

A

California Condor

33
Q

California authorities helped restored California condor population by breed them in captivity to what number?

A

537-561

34
Q

Getting along with your roommate is?

A

Acclimation

35
Q

Evolving to better suit your environment is?

A

Adaptation

36
Q

225 million years the continents moved, previously they were

A

All together?

37
Q

What moves continents to different latitudes, alters ocean currents and creates mountain ranges?

A

Continental drift

38
Q

The current ice age has lasted how many years so far?

A

3 million years

39
Q

Australia and South America were connected sixty-five million years ago to what?

A

Antarctica

40
Q

Because of the erosion and disease they cause, Louisiana started a 5-year program to get people to eat more nutria rat. How much money did they invest into it?

A

2.1 Million

41
Q

How many birds do the invasive species cats kill annually?

A

2.4 billion

42
Q

Rats and mice hitchhiked on Polynesian boats and killed what type of birds?

A

Ground nesting birds

43
Q

What company is turning nutria rat into dog food?

A

Marsh Dog

Environmental Science (8 decks)

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