chapter 4 Flashcards
Integumentary System
the integumentary system is composed of
skin, nails, hair and glands
functions of the integumentary system
protective covering that prevents entry of bacteria and other organisms, protects the body from water loss and damaging effects of ultraviolet light, regulation of temperature and synthesis of vitamin D
major structures of the skin
epidermis, dermis, sudoriferous glands and sebaceous glands
important aspects of the epidermis are
keratin and melanin
the epidermis is
the outer layer of the skin
keratin
the scleroprotein component of the horny, or cornified layer of the epidermis
melanin
color or pigmentation of the skin
dermis AKA _____ is _____
true skin ; inner layer of skin
sudoriferous glands are (structure)
tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on the skin’s dermis
sebaceous glands
secrete sebum (oil) into hair follicles where the shafts pass through the dermis
the accessory structures of the skin are
hair and nails
hair is
compressed keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles
hair follicles are
sacs that enclose the hair fibers
nails originate in, and are found on
originate in the epidermis and found on the upper surface of the ends of the fingers and toes
cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o
skin
hidr/o
sweat
kerat/o
cornea, horny tissue, hard
onych/o, ungu/o
nail
seb/o
sebum (oil)
trich/o
hair
aut/o
self
bi/o
two
coni/o
dust
crypt/o
hidden
heter/o
other
myc/o
fungus
necr/o
death (cell, body)
pachy/o
thick
rhytid/o
wrinkles
staphyl/o
grape-like clusters
strept/o
twisted chains
xer/o
dry
epi-
on, upon, over
intra-
within
para-
beside, beyond, around
per-
through
sub-
under, below
trans-
through, across, beyond
-a
-coccus
berry shaped form of bacterium
-ectomy
excision or surgical removal
-ia
condition of diseased or abnormal state
-itis
inflammation
-malacia
softening
-opsy
to view
-phagia
eating, swallowing
-plasty
plastic or surgical repair
-rrhea
flow, discharge
-tome
an instrument used to cut
dermatitis
inflammation of the dermis (skin)
dermatoconiosis
irritation of the skin caused by dust
dermatofibroma
fibrous tumor of the skin
histiocyte
normal immune cell
hidradenitis
inflammation of sweat gland
leioderma
condition of smooth skin
leukoderma
white skin, absence of pigment
onychocryptosis
hidden or buried nail
onychomalacia
softening of nail
onychomycosis
condition of fungal nail
onychophagia
biting nail
pachyderma
thick skin
paronychia
infection around the nail
seborrhea
flow or discharge of oil
trichomycosis
fungal condition of the hair
xeroderma
dry skin
abrasion
minor superficial scrape of the skin
abscess
An enclosed collection of pus in tissues, organs, or confined spaces in the body
acne
common skin condition where the pores of the skin clog
actinic keratosis
rough , thick scaly patch of skin that may become cancer
albinism
conditions associated with decreased or absent melanin
basal cell carcinoma
cancer that begins in the lower part of the epidermis,, found on areas exposed to the sun
candidiasis
what: infection of yeast
where: moist skin areas of the body
look: white appearance
carbuncle
what: infection, cluster of boils (furuncles)
where: hair follicles, surrounding skin and deep underlying subcutaneous tissue
look: dome shaped, red with white tip (pus)
cellulitis
what: deep local bacterial skin infection
where: three layers of the skin
look: areas of skin that are swollen, red, and warm
cause: most commonly staph and strep bacteria
contusion
what: bruise
where: dermis or subcutaneous
look: pink, red, purple, green, yellow
cause: small blood vessels getting torn and leaking blood under the skin
eczema
what: condition where the skin becomes inflamed
where: skin
look: crusty, thick, scaly
cause:
fissure
a medical condition where the skin splits or tears apart
furuncle
what : abscess originating from hair follicle (boil)
where : skin
look: red dome shape
gangrene
what: death of body tissue due to a lack of blood flow or a serious bacterial infection
where : usually extremities
Look : dark appearance of appendage
herpes
what: viral infection
where: private areas
look: painful blisters or ulcers
- spread from skin-to-skin contact
impetigo
what: infection of the superficial layers of the epidermis that is highly contagious
where: skin
look: erythematous plaques with a yellow crust
infection
The invasion and growth of germs in the body
Kaposi sarcoma
what:a disease in which cancer cells are found in the skin or mucous membranes that line the gastrointestinal
where: g i tract
look: purple patches or nodules
lesion
a region in an organ or tissue which has suffered damage through injury or disease
laceration
deep cut or tear in the skin
MRSA infection
pediculosis
rosacea
scabies
scleroderma
squamous cell carcinoma
systemis lupus
tinea
urticaria
vitiligo
biopsy
dermatoautoplasty
dermatoheteroplasty
dermatome
dermatoplasty
onychectomy
rhytidectomy
rhytidoplasty
cauterization
cryosurgery
debridement
dermabrasion
excision
incision
incision and drainage
laser surgery
Mohs surgery
suturing
epidermal
erythroderma
red skin
hypodermic
intradermal
keratogenic
necrosis
percutanrous
staphlococcus
streptococcus
subcutaneous
transdermal
xanthoderma
what are the three routes of administration?
- intradermal
- subcutaneous, hypodermic
- transdermal
intradermal route of administration is located
within the dermis
subcutaneous, hypodermic route of administration is located
below the dermis
transdermal route of administration is located
on top/across the skin (patch
alopecia
cyst
cicatrix
cytomegalovirus
diaphoresis
ecchymosis
erythema
edema
swelling
fungus
induration
jaundice
leukoplakia
keloid
macule
nevus
pallor
papule
petechia
pressure ulcer (decub)
pruritus
purpura
pustule
ulcer
verruca
vesicle
virus
wheal
what are the three basic types of lesions ?
primary, secondary and vascular
what is a lesion
area of abnormal or damaged tissue caused by injury, infection or disease
primary lesions are described as
are physical changes of the skin of pathological origin
secondary lesions are described as
may result from changes in primary lesions or may be cause by injury or infection
examples of secondary lesions
cicatrix, keloid, and ulcer
vascular lesions are described as
re related to blood vessels and include the escape of blood into the tissues (hemorrhage)
examples of vascular lesions are
petechia, purpura, and ecchymosis
BCC
bx
CA-MRSA
CMV
decub
derm
I&D
HA-MRSA
ID
MRSA
SLE
SqCCA
staph
strep
subcut
TD
macule definition and example
flat colored spot on the skin,
ex. freckle
papule definition and example
small, solid skin elevation,
ex. skin tag and basal cell carcinoma
Nodule definition and example
a small knotlike mass
ex. lipoma, metastatic carcinoma, rheumatoid nodule
wheal
round itchy elevation of the skin
ex. urticaria (hive)
vesicle
small elevation of epidermis containing liquid
ex. herpes zoster(shingles), herpes simplex, contact dermatitis
pustule
elevation of the skin containing pus
ex. impetigo, acne
cyst
a closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material
ex.acne
