chapter 3 Flashcards
Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions and Quadrants
directional terms are used to
describe the relative position of one part of the body to another
anatomic planes are used to
identify or view the location of organs and anatomical structures
body position terms are used to
communicate how the [atient’s body is places for examination, diagnostic procedures, surgery, treatment and recovery
abdominal regions are used
in relation to physical examination and medical history to describe signs and symptoms
abdominopelvic quadrants are used to
divide the abdominopelvic area into four quadrants by using imaginary vert and horiz lines that intersect at the umbillicus
anatomic position
body is viewed as erect, arms at the side with palms of hands facing forward and feet placed side bu side and pointed anteriorly
anter/o
front
caud/o
tail, toward lower part of the body
cephal/o
head
dist/o
far, distant, away
dors/o
back ( of the body )
infer/o
lower
later/o
side
medi/o
middle
poster/o
back of the body
proxim/o
near
super/o
above, over
ventr/o
belly side of the body
bi-
two
uni-
one
-ad
toward, increase
-ior
pertaining to
caudad
toward the tail or posterior end
cephalad
toward the head or anterior of the body
lateral
the side of or away from the middle of the body
medial
toward the middle of the body
unilateral
relating to or affecting one side of the body or one side of an organ or other part
bilateral
on both sides
distal
relating to or affecting one side of the body or one side of an organ or other part
change definition
proximal
nearer to the center (trunk of the body) or to the point of attachment to the body
inferior
below
superior
above
caudal
toward the tail / away from the head of the body
cephalic
toward the head / away from the tail of the body
anterior
toward the front of the body
posterior
toward the back of the body
dorsal
toward the back of the body
ventral
toward the front of the body
anteroposterior
from front to back
posteroanterior
from back to front
name the atomic planes
frontal/coronal, midsagittal, sagittal, parasagittal, transverse
describe the frontal/coronal plane and how it divides the body
vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions
describe the midsagittal plane and how it divides the body
vertical plane passing through the body at the midline, dividing the body equally into right and left halves
describe the sagittal plane and how it divides the body
vertical plane passing through the body from front to back, dividing body into right and left sides. (any plane parallel to the midsagittal plane)
describe the parasagittal plane and how it divides the body
vertical plane passing through the body from front to back, dividing the body into unequal left and right sides
describe the transverse plane and how it divides the body
horizontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior portions
describe fowler position
semi-sitting position with slight elevation of the knees
(beach chair) SEA FOWL
describe lithotomy position
lying on back, hips and knees flexed, thighs abducted and externally rotated
(gyn exam) anybody would be a rock !
describe prone position
lying on abdomen, facing downward (head may be turned to one side)
describe orthopnea position
sitting erect in a chair or sitting upright in bed supported by pillows behind the head and chest (also called orthopneic position)
sleeping on the desk in school, resting my bones
describe recumbent position
lying down in any position
describe sims position
lying on left side with right knee drawn up and with left arm drawn behind, parallel to the back
describe supine position
lying on back, facing upward
describe trendelenburg position
lying on back with body tilted so that the head is lower than the feet
where is the hypochondriac region?
top right and left of the epigastric regions
where is the epigastric region?
above belly button
where is the lumbar region
left and right regions beside the umbillical
(l is in the middle of the alphabet)
where is the umbilical region
middle region below the epigastric and above the hypogastric
where is the iliac region?
left and right regions around the hip areas
where is the hypogastric region
bottom middle, below the umbillical region
where is the inguinal region?
right and left of the hypogastric , same as iliac regions
the right upper quadrant contains which organs?
liver and large intestine…
the right lower quadrant contains which organs
appendix, small intestine and parts of large intestine
the left upper quadrant contains which organs
stomach…
the left lower quadrant contains which organs
small intestine
ant stands for
anterior
AP stands for
anteroposterior
inf stands for
inferior
lat stands for
lateral
LLQ stands for
left lower quadrant
LUQ stands for
left upper quadrant
med stands for
medial
PA stands for
posteroanterior
RLQ stands for
right lower quadrant
RUQ stands for
right upper quadrant
sup stands for
superior
abduct
movement away from the middle line
adduct
movement toward the middle line
