chapter 2 Flashcards
Body Structure, Color, and Oncology
cell definition
basic unit of all life
basic unit of all life ?
cell
tissue definition
group of similar cells that perform a specific function
what word denotes a group of similar cells that perform a specific function?
tissue
organ definition
two or more kinds of tissues that together perform complex body function
what is the term that denotes two or more tissues working together to perform complex body functions
organ
definition of system
a group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions
what is a group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions
system
the shape of a chromosome and what they contain..
X and genes
what is cytoplasm
gel-like fluid inside the cell
cell membrane
boundary of a cell
the nucleus contains ___ that contains ___
chromosomes, genes
what are the 4 tissue types ?
muscle, nervous, epithelial, connective
role of muscle tissue
produces movement
role of epithelial tissue and where is it found
protection, secretion, absorption
found in the skin and lining of blood vessels
role of nervous tissue
conducts impulses to and from the brain
roles of connective tissue
connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures
hammock
which tissue type produces movement ?
muscle tissue
which tissue type connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures ?
connective tissue
which tissue type is found in the skin and lining of blood vessels ?
epithelial tissue
which tissue type conducts impulses to and from the brain ?
nervous tissue
46 in the human cells except for mature sex cell, which has 23… i am?
chromosome
how many chromosomes in human cells
46
how many chromosomes in a mature sex cell
23
DNA -> _____ ->_____
genes, chromosome
_______ -> genes-> _______
DNA, chromosome
what are genes ?
regions within the chromosome (determine hereditary characteristics)
i am described as regions within the chromosome (determine hereditary characteristics).. i am ?
genes
DNA stands for
deoxyribonucleic acid
function of DNA
contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce
components of the integumentary system?
hair, skin, nails, and glands
function of the integumentary system
It forms a protective covering over the body, regulates body temperature, and helps manufacture vitamin D
components of the respiratory system
pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchial tubes, and lungs.
trachea is ?
windpipe
windpipe is
trachea
pharynx is
throat
throat is
pharynx
larynx is
voice box
voice box is
larynx
function of the respiratory system
performs respiration , exchange of CO2 and
what is respiration
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body.
components of the urinary system
kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra
function of urinary system
removes waste material (urine) from the body, regulates fluid volume, and maintains electrolyte concentration
organs contained in the cranial cavity
brain
organs contained in the spinal cavity
spinal cord
organs contained in the thoracic cavity
heart, lungs, esophagus, trachea, bronchi and mediastinal area
organs contained in the abdominal cavity
stomach, intestines, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, ureters
organs in the pelvic cavity
urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, parts of the small and large intestine, rectum
aden/o
gland
cyt/o
cell
epitheli/o
epithelium
fibr/o
fibrous tissue, fibers
hist/o
tissue
kary/o
nucleus
lip/o
fat
my/o
muscle
neur/o
nerve
organ/o
organ
sarc/o
flesh, connective tissue
system/o
system
viscer/o
internal organs
cancer/o, carcin/o
cancer
eti/o
cause (of disease)
gon/o
seed, knee
iatr/o
treatment, medicine
lei/o
smooth
onc/o
tumor
path/o
disease
rhabd/o
rod-shaped, stiated
somat/o
body
chlor/o
green
chrom/o
color
cyan/o
blue
erythr/o
red
leuk/o
white
melan/o
black
xanth/o
yellow
dia-
through
dys-
difficult, painful, abnormal
hyper-
above, excessive
hypo-
below, incomplete, deficient
meta-
after, beyond, change
neo-
new
pro-
before
-al, -ic, -ous
pertaining to
-cyte
cell
-gen
substance that produces or causes
-genic
producing, originating, causing
-logist
specialist, one who studies or practices
-logy
study of
-megaly
enlarged
-oid
resembling
-oma
tumor, swelling
-osis
abnormal condition
-pathy
disease
-plasia
formation, development and growth
-plasm
growth, substance, formation
-sarcoma
malignant tumor
-sis
state of ; condition
-stasis
control, stop
apoptosis
death of cells
benign
a condition, tumor or growth that is not cancerous
biological therapy
A type of treatment that uses substances made from living organisms to treat disease
carcinoma in situ
a group of abnormal cells that have not spread from the location where they first formed
chemotherapy
Treatment that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing
encapsulated
Confined to a specific, localized area and surrounded by a thin layer of tissue
exacerbation
the worsening of a disease or an increase in its symptoms
hospice
A program that gives special care to people who are near the end of life and have stopped treatment to cure or control their disease
idiopathic
disease of unknown cause
inflammation
body’s response to injury or infection
in vitro
in glass
in vivo
within the living
malignant
Malignancy refers to the presence of cancerous cells that can spread to other sites in the body (metastasize) or to invade nearby (locally)
morbidity
the state of being symptomatic or unhealthy for a disease or condition
morality
number of deaths that occur in a population
palliative
specialized medical care that focuses on providing relief from pain and other symptoms of a serious illness
radiation therapy (XRT)
The use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, protons, and other sources to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors.
remission
A decrease in or disappearance of signs and symptoms of cancer
CA
cancer
chemo
chemotherapy
Dx
diagnosis
mets
metabolic syndrome
Px
prognosis
RBC
red blood cells
XRT
radiation therapy
WBC
white blood cells
