Chapter 4

Question 1

Tissue

Answer 1

Tissues are groups of similar cells which organize and perform specific functions in the body.

Question 2

4 Primary Categories of Tissue

Answer 2

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

Question 3

Epithelial

Answer 3

Are found covering the body (e.g., on the skin) and lining internal organs which have an opening to the outside. The protect against physical and chemical injury.

Question 4

Connective

Answer 4

Connect body parts and other tissues to each other. Provides a framework and stores energy

Question 5

Muscle

Answer 5

Highly specialized for contraction which produces movement of either the body or body parts.

Question 6

Nervous

Answer 6

Also highly specialized for communication through the sending and receiving of nerve impulses.

Question 7

Classification of Epithelial Tissue

Answer 7

Shape of Cells- Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar, and Transitional
Number of Layers of Cells- Simple and Stratified

Question 8

Types of Epithelial Tissue

Answer 8

Simple Squamous-one layer thin flat cells/ materials pass thru easily
Stratified Squamous- many layers of cells/ layers provide protection
Simple Cuboidal- one layer of square cells/ produces a lot of the body’s secretions
Simple Columnar- one layer of cells/ located in parts of the digestive system
Pseudostratified Columnar- columns are different heights
Transitional- cells have the ability to stretch/ found in the urinary bladder

Question 9

Types of Connective Tissue

Answer 9

Loose (Areolar)- acts like a living glue holding tissues and organs together/ made of collagen (strength) and elastin (stretchy)
Adipose- contains mostly fat cells/ insulates and cushions organs/ and stores energy in the form of fat
Dense Fibrous Connective (Dense Regular)- made of collagen fibers which are arranged in order/ composes tendon and ligaments
Cartilage- hard, strong connective tissue
Bone- consists of special bone cells (osteocytes) arranged in structures called osteons (Haversian systems). The matrix of bone is hard and calcified.
Blood- liquid matrix (blood plasma) in which there are blood cells

Question 10

3 Types of Cartilage

Answer 10

Hyaline- most common/ found at the ends of many bones
Elastic- contains many elastic fibers
Fibrocartilage- contains many collagen fibers

Question 11

Muscle Tissue

Answer 11

Muscle tissue is highly specialized for contraction to produce movement of the body or body parts. Muscle tissue helps maintain our posture and also is involved in producing heat (as it contracts).

Question 12

3 Types of Muscle Tissue

Answer 12

Skeletal Muscle- provides movement to the body and is attached to the bones of the body
Cardiac Muscle- walls of the heart/ beating and blood movement
Smooth (Visceral) Muscle- walls of internal organs/ contract and move materials thru the organs

Question 13

Nervous or Neural Tissue

Answer 13

This is another highly specialized tissue. It has one role in the body - to send and receive nerve impulses. Nerve impulses are the body’s way to communicate and work to control the body’s functions. Found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Question 14

Neurons

Answer 14

are the cells in nervous tissue which are specialized to send and receive nerve impulses.