Chapter 4 Flashcards
When the patient or client seeks help only when unable to manage alone
crisis intervention
Promote well-being and avoid the need for medical intervention. It encourages good nutrition, exercise, vaccinations, and health screening tests.
Health maintenance or preventive health care
Promotes self-care that avoids habits such as smoking and the use of recreational drugs.
Preventive System
line drawn between optimal health and fatal illness
health-illness continuum
Under this system, insurance companies reimburse patients for the costs of their health care within the limits of the policy, and the patient is responsible for any costs not covered
fee-for-service
These organizations provide complete and comprehensive health care for the cost of the premium and a small fee called a copayment for each vist
health-maintenance organization (HMOs)
These systems allow private hospitals and physicans to provide private services while also providing care through insurance plans that operate as HMOs or PPOs.
managed care system
a system that offers care at reduced rates within an established network of providers
preferred provider organization (PPO)
Became law in 2010. Its stated purpose was to ensure that all Americans were covered by health insurance. Under this law, employers are required to provide health insurance for their full-time employees when they employ more than 50 workers
Affordable Care Act (ACA often called “obamacare”)
a federal health insurance program covers part of the medical care costs for those 65 years and older. Offers four plans part A, Part B, Part C, and Part D
Medicare
person must fall within a designated group, recongnized by the federal and state governments, to be eligible for partial or full medicaid funding. Examples include age, income, resources, disability, and U.S. citizenship
Medicaid
What are the different types of hospitals?
-private
-public (federal or local governments)
not-for-profit (religious/charitable groups)
-proprietary (health care business run for a profit)
-urgent care (help people keep out of ER) (walk -ins)
-surgery centers (outpatient surgical facilities)
outpatient centers
many patients are sent to the hospital by a doctor known as
referring physicans
on admission referring physicans may provide direction for hospital care
attending physician
specializes in trauma and emergency situations, a triage expert in disaster situations
emergency department physican
treats indviduals and families in the context of daily life
family practice physican
diagnose and treats disease of the gastrointestinal tract
gastroenterologist
specializes in problems and disease of elderly persons
geriatrician
treats problem and diseases of the female reproductive system
gynecologist
specialist, often an internist, who treats patients in a hospital setting
hospitalist
specializes in the medical care and treatment of adults
internist
specialist, often a pulmonologist, who treat patients, in the intensive care unit
intensivist
specializes in pregnancy, labor, delivery, and immediate postpartum care
obstetrician
specializes in tumor identification and treatment
oncologist
diagnose and treats problems and disease of the eye
opthalmologist
specializes in the conditions of the ear, nose, and throat
otorhinolaryngologist
specializes in the scientific study of the alterations in the body caused by disease and death
pathologist
specializes in the care, diagnosis, treatment of disease affecting children
pediatrician
specializes in diagnosie and treatment of diseases of the lungs
pulmonologist
specializes in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illness
psyschiatrist
specializes in diagnosis by means of medical imaging
radiologists
specializes in the surgery of the abdominal cavity
abdominal
restores or improves the apperance and function of exposed body parts
plastic
specializes in surgery of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system
neurologic
diagnoses and treats problems of the musculoskeletal system
orthopedic
specializes in surgery involving the chest
thoracic
recent medical school graduates gaining practical experience
interns
licensed physicans receiving advanced training
fellows
licensed physicans in an educational program to become certified in a specialty area
residents
speciality has become an option for physicans who choose to treat hospitalized patients only. They serve as the attending physicans for inpatients.
hospitalist
one or two paragraphs declaration of the institution’s basic philosophy and primary goals
mission statement
related to identification of patient problems
diagnostic
devoted to treatment
therapeutic
What are some of the general departments in the hospital?
admissions, chaplain/counseling services, emergency, nursing service, social services
What are some of the diagnostic departments?
CT, electrocardiography, electroencephalography, MRI, nuclear medicine, pathology, radiography and sonography
What are some of the therapeutic departments?
dietary, occupational therapy, oncology, physical therapy, respiratory therapy and surgery
What are some of the support services in the hospital?
accounting, central/sterile supply, human resources, housekeeping, laundry, medical records, purchasing and security
Physician who specializes in diagnostic imaging. Serves as consultants in one or more of the imaging modalities in radiology
Radiologist
Supervise several groups of employees, such as as in radiography, nuclear medicine, ultrasound, cardiovascular, CT, and MRI
Radiology manager
Lead radiographer, sometimes called the department coordinator or lead technologist manages the day-to-day activities in the radiology department. Schedule staff and orders necessary supplies
Chief radiographer
May report directly to the lead radiographer or a team leader responsible for a given area. They also work and communicate directly with radiologist rather than along the chain of command
Staff radiologist
Support personnel may include administrative assistants, receptionists, biomedical technicians, equipment maintenance engineers, medical secretaries, and transportation service personnel
Support staff
registration, permits, certificates, and licenses all refer to documents that attest to the qualifications of an individual
Credentials
-knowledge passed down from master to student
-commitment to truth and highest good
-sets standards for behavior, education, and qualification to practice
-enforces those standards with its ranks
-peer reviewed journal or publication
Professionalism
Oldest and largest national professional association for technologists in the radiographic sciences. It was founded to advance the profession and promote high standards of education and patient care
American Society Of Radiologic Technologist (ASRT)
National organization of appointees from both the ASRT and the American College Radiology (ACA).
-establishes the minimum standards for certification in the various imaging specialties and radiation therapy.
-conducts qualifying examinations that entitle applicants who pass
American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT)
How many times should you renew the ARRT registration?
Renew every year and complete 24 credits of approved continuing education every 2 years
-essential to stay abreast of current trends and to maintain competencies
-maintain ARRT credentials
-may also be required to maintain state licensure
Continuing education
A process that applies to institutions and results in documentation attesting to the attainment of certain minimum standards
Accreditation
Accredits hospitals
The Joint Commission (TJC)
Accredits educational programs in imaging services
The Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology (JRCERT)
Services and roles in the imaging department
Radiologist, radiology manager, chief radiographer, staff radiographers, support staff
Establishes the goals, policies, and financial plans for the hospitals and hires the director or administrator
Executive board
Must see the suitable facilities and equipment are provided and that a staff of well trained professional, technical, and support personnel is present
Administration
One of more than 70 national organizations of technologist around the world
International Society of Radiographers and Radiologic Technologist
Hospital based programs
-certificate
Community college
-associate degree
Universities
-associates or bachelor degree
Education
ASRT developed a written statement that describes the radiographers duties and responsibilities. Defines the clinical practice, technical activities, and profession responsibilties of imaging and the therapeutic professionals
The practice standards for medical imaging and radiation therapy
The only recognized profession society open to all radiologic technologies in the US today is
ASRT
The designated eligibility for Medicaid are recognized by the (blank), although the (blank) regulates who falls within these eligibility groups
Federal goverment, State goverment
The practice standards for medical imaging and radiation therapy may be used:
-to develop job descriptions and performance appraisals
-by a lawyer to determine negligence or malpractice
