Chapter 4

Question 1

Mitochondria

Answer 1

cellular respiration (aerobic)
ATP

Question 2

Nucleolus

Answer 2

ribosomes which = protein

Question 3

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 3

holds ribosomes
rough er
smooth er

Question 4

Rough ER

Answer 4

ribosomes

Question 5

Smooth ER

Answer 5

Synthesizes lipids and detoxes

Question 6

Peroxisomes

Answer 6

detoxify

Question 7

Lysosomes

Answer 7

• hydrolytic enzymes (eat dead organelles and bacteria)
• break down, clean up, janitor

Question 8

Golgi

Answer 8

• Package proteins and lipids to go to plasma membrane

Question 9

Only the plant cell has a

Answer 9

cell wall, chloroplasts

Question 10

Phagocytosis

Answer 10

cell eating, hydrolytic enzymes

Question 11

Autophagy

Answer 11

like phagocytosis but only applies to lysosomes

Question 12

Vacuoles

Answer 12

derived for ER and Golgi
food vacuoles - phagocytosis
Contractile Vacuoles - pump excess water out of cell

Question 13

Central Vacuole

Answer 13

storage for plants cell

Question 14

Endomembrane System

Answer 14

DNA synthesizes RNA. Series of compartments work together to package, transport and export proteins.

Question 15

Endosymbiont Theory

Answer 15

chloroplast and mitochondria used to be free living prokaryotic cells but overtime become obligatory organelles

Question 16

Microtubules

Answer 16

• rigatoni
• thickest
  -separate chromosome during cell division

Question 17

Microfilaments

Answer 17

• thinnest
• elastic, in muscles helps movement

Question 18

Intermediate Filaments

Answer 18

• middle range fibers
• outside of animal cells because animal cells have no cell wall

Question 19

Extracellular Matrix

Answer 19

extra cell protection for animal cells, have glycoproteins and carbohydrate side chain

Question 20

Integrins

Answer 20

bind to cell surface receptor, embedded proteins