Chapter 4 Flashcards
Socialization
The process by which people acquire the behaviors and beliefs of the culture in which they live.
Self-regulation
The capacity for exercising self-control in order to restrain ones impulses and comply with social norms.
Interdependent self
A conception of the elf typically found in collectivistic cultures, in which the self is seen as defined by roles and relationships within the groups.
Independent self
A conception of the self typically found in individualistic cultures, in which the self is seen as existing independently of relations with others, with an emphasis in independence, individual freedoms, and individualistic achievements.
Heteronomous morality
Piaget’s term for the period of moral development from about ages 4 to about 7, in which moral rules are viewed as having a sacred, fixed quality, handed down from figures of authority and alterable only by them.
Autonomous morality
Piaget’s term for the period of moral development form about ages 10 to 12, involving a growing realization that moral rules are social conventions that can be changed if people decide they can be changed.
Preconventional reasoning
( Level 1 ) In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, the level in which moral reasoning is based on perceptions of the likelihood of external rewards or punishment.
Conventional reasoning
( Level 2 ) In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, the level of moral reasoning in which the person advocates the value of conforming the moral expectations of others. What is right is whatever agrees with the rules established by tradition and by authority.
Postconventional reasoning
( Level 3 ) In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, the levin in which moral reasoning is based on the individuals own independent judgements rather than on egocentric considerations or considerations of what others view as wrong or right.
