Chapter 4 Flashcards
Early Protestantism ____
insisted on accepting the existence of God on faith alone
Luther’s new religious movement that denied the authority of the pope was called:
Protestantism
Bacon relied primarily on _____ to develop his theories.
induction
Newton believed that his work:
revealed nature’s secrets
Galileo used experiments to do which of the following?
Show the uselessness of metaphysics in science
Which of the following phrases best captures the spirit of Renaissance humanism?
“We the people have the power to bring great change to the world.”
According to Bacon, the biases that result from being overly influenced by the traditional meanings of words constitutes the:
idols of the marketplace
Who were among the first to accept Copernicus’s heliocentric theory?
The mathematicians who embraced Pythagorean-Platonic philosophy
Later in history, Bacon’s approach to science was called:
positivism
According to Bacon, the human tendency to see events as they would like them to be constitutes the:
idols of the tribe
According to Erasmus, who is least likely to speak the truth?
philosophers
What would Copernicus say is the only justification for accepting his heliocentric theory?
It explains known astrological facts in a simpler, more harmonious, mathematical order
Newton believed that the universe:
operates according to principles that humans could discover
Pico argued that:
God had granted humans a unique position in the universe
According to Clements (1967), which Renaissance humanist is correctly paired with their area of great influence?
Vives and psychology
According to Bacon, blind allegiance to dogma, authority, or tradition constitutes the:
idols of the theater
What factor most influenced Kepler’s acceptance of Copernicus’s heliocentric theory?
Kepler was a Platonist seeking mathematical simplicity and harmony
A fundamental difference between the views of Erasmus and the views of Luther concerned the:
role of free will in religion
After a painful search, Descartes concluded that the only thing of which he could be certain was
the fact that he doubted
Both Bacon and Descartes sought to develop a system of thought that:
was impervious to the doubts of the Skeptics
