Chapter 39

Question 1

The adrenal cortex synthesizes three classes of steroids:

Answer 1

1. the glucocorticoids, (fasciculata)
2. Mineralocorticoids (glomerulosa)
3. the androgens (reticularis)

Question 2

main glycocorticoid

Answer 2

cortisol

Question 3

main mineralocorticoid

Answer 3

aldosterone

Question 4

Hypothalamus secretes —- anterior pituitary gland secretes —- and adrenal cortex secretes —–

Answer 4

CRH, ACTH, cortisol

Question 5

stimulates the synthesis and release of adrenocortical hormones

Answer 5

ACTH

Question 6

have

• metabolic effects
• anti-inflammatory effects
• immunosuppressive

Answer 6

glucocorticoids

Question 7

synthetic glucocorticoids

Answer 7

bextamethasone, dexmethasone, prednisone, hydrocortisone and cortisone

Question 8

due to glucocorticoid excess

Answer 8

cushings syndrome

Question 9

acts on the kidneys, sodium reabsorption and high urinary excretion of potassium and hydrogen

Answer 9

aldosterone

Question 10

adrenal insufficiency due to negative feedback, replacement therapy is needed

Answer 10

addisions disease

Question 11

administration of exogenous steroid can cause a decrease in the production of endogenous steroids

Answer 11

adrenal suppresion

Question 12

taken orally for replacement therapy, for shock and asthma, topically for eczema and enemas

Answer 12

hydrocortisone

Question 13

most used orally in inflammation and allergic diseases

Answer 13

prednisolone

Question 14

very potent, no salt retaining properties

Answer 14

betamethasone and dexamethasone

Question 15

glucorticoid antagonist (abortion pill)

Answer 15

mifephstone

Question 16

treates hbp, fluid retention, and high levels of aldosterone

Answer 16

spiranolactone