Chapter 37 - Perioperative

Question 1

establishes or confirms a diagnosis

Answer 1

diagnostic

Question 2

removes a part of the body that is diseased

Answer 2

ablative

Question 3

restores functioning that has been lost or reduced (cleft lip or palate)

Answer 3

constructive

Question 4

restores function or appearance of traumatized or malnourished tissues (skin graft for burn victim, reconstruction after cancer surgery)

Answer 4

reconstructive

Question 5

replaced dysfunctional body part

Answer 5

transplantation

Question 6

improves comfort and decreased pain or symptoms, but does not cure

Answer 6

palliative

Question 7

improves personal appearance

Answer 7

cosmetic

Question 8

surgery planned in advance. improves quality of life (hysterectomy for uterine fibroids, cholecystectomy for chronic gallbladder disease)

Answer 8

elective

Question 9

surgery performed when the patients health condition is not immediately life threatening. Failure to have the surgical procedure performed may result in complications or death. (hip pinning for hip fracture and bowel resection to remedy a bowel obstruction)

Answer 9

urgent

Question 10

unanticipated surgery and performed immediately to preserve the life of the patient, body part, or body function. (gunshot wound, appendectomy)

Answer 10

emergency

Question 11

contribute to fluid and electrolyte imbalance

Answer 11

diuretics

Question 12

increase risk for bleeding and are discontinued before surgery

Answer 12

anticoagulants

Question 13

medication that increases risk or respiratory distress

Answer 13

tranquilizers

Question 14

medication that increase risk of bleeding, increase risk of infection, and delay wound healing and immune response

Answer 14

corticosteroids

Question 15

what deficiency can lead to increased bleeding

Answer 15

Vit. K

Question 16

rare, hereditary and life threatening condition that usually occurs when inhaled general anesthetics or a neuromuscular blocking agent is administered. Causes severe muscle contractions and rapid elevation of the body temp. Fever, cyanosis, muscle rigidity, hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperkalemia etc.

Answer 16

malignant hyperthermia

Question 17

also known as conscious sedation, induces an altered state of consciousness providing a moderate to deep level of sedation

Answer 17

moderate sedation

Question 18

causes CNS depression and puts the patient in a drug induced coma

Answer 18

general anesthesia

Question 19

Stage of anesthesia: patient is awake, becomes drowsy and loses consciousness. Experiences analgesia or a loss of pain sensation

Answer 19

analgesia (1)

Question 20

Anesthesia: Begins with loss of consciousness. Excitant of muscles, involuntary movement, muscles become tense, breathing may be irregular, ends with regular breating and loss of eyelid reflexes

Answer 20

excitement (II)

Question 21

Vital singes and reflexes are depressed, skeletal muscles relax, breathing is regular, operation begins

Answer 21

surgical anesthesia (III)

Question 22

respiratory centers in the medulla oblongata of the brain, which control breathing and other vital functions ,cease to function. Complete respiratory depression, cardiopulmonary resuscitation needed (CPR), death can occur

Answer 22

Medullary paralysis (IV)

Question 23

disrupts the transmission of here impulses to a specific area of the body (epidural, nerve blocks)

Answer 23

regional anesthesia

Question 24

involveds injection of anesthetic agents into the venous circulation of an extremity.

Answer 24

beir block

Question 25

anesthetic agent is injected into the epidural space in the lumbar or thoracic region.

Answer 25

epidural anesthesia

Question 26

anesthetic agent is injected in to the subarachnoid space. Blocks sensations in the lower body

Answer 26

spinal anestheisa