Chapter 34 Flashcards
Echinodermata
radially symmetrical coelomate marine animals including the starfishes, sea urchins, and related forms.
Asteroidea
echinoderms characterized by five arms extending from a central disk.
Echinoidea
a class of motile bottom-dwelling echinoderms comprising the sea urchins and related forms.
Cephalochordata
Is an animal in the chordate subphylum, Cephalochordata. They are characterized as chordates, as they possess all 5 of the chordate characteristics during larval stages and through to adulthood.
Urochordata
is a marine invertebrate animal, a member of the subphylum Tunicata, which is part of the Chordata, a phylum which includes all animals with dorsal nerve cords and notochords.
Myxinoidea
hagfishes as distinguished from lampreys
Petromyzontidea
comprising elongated animals that resemble eels or hagfishes, have no barbels and seven pairs of circular gill openings, and feed on the blood of fishes which they obtain by rasping the flesh with their toothed circular mouth — see petromyzon — compare lamprey.
Chondrichthyes
a class comprising cartilaginous fishes with well-developed jaws and including the sharks, skates, rays, chimeras, and extinct related forms
Actinopterygii
comprising fishes having the projecting part of the paired fins supported only by dermal rays and being coextensive with the Teleostomi excluding the Choanichthyes.
Teleostei
are by far the largest infraclass in the class Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes, and make up 96 percent of all fish.
Actinistia
is a subclass of mostly fossil lobe-finned fishes. This subclass contains the coelacanths (Order Coelacanthiformes), including the two living coelacanths, both of the genus Latimeria: the West Indian Ocean coelacanth and the king of the sea.
Dipnoi
: an order or other division of Choanichthyes including a number of fossil fishes known from the Devonian and later formations and three surviving genera, Neoceratodus, Protopterus, and Lepidosiren, comprising aberrant fishes that have overlapping cycloid scales and dermal fin rays, a largely cartilaginous skeleton (lungfish)
Tetrapoda
any animal that is more closely related to living amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals than to living dipnoi (lungfishes).
Amphibia
is a cold-blooded vertebrate animal that is born in water and breathes with gills. As the larva grows into its adult form, the animal’s lungs develop the ability to breathe air, and the animal can live on land. Frogs, toads, and salamanders are all amphibians.
Amniota
membrane surrounding the fetus”, earlier “bowl in which the blood of sacrificed animals was caught”, from ἀμνός amnos, “lamb”) are a clade of tetrapod vertebrates comprising the reptiles, birds, and mammals that lay their eggs on land or retain the fertilized egg within the mother.
Mammalia
of warm-blooded higher vertebrates (as placentals, marsupials, or monotremes ) that nourish their young with milk secreted by mammary glands, have the skin usually more or less covered with hair, and include humans.
Monotremata
a primitive mammal that lays large yolky eggs and has a common opening for the urogenital and digestive systems. Monotremes are now restricted to Australia and New Guinea, and comprise the platypus and the echidnas.
Marsupiala
a mammal of an order whose members are born incompletely developed and are typically carried and suckled in a pouch on the mother’s belly. Marsupials are found mainly in Australia and New Guinea, although three families, including the opossums, live in America.
Eutheria
a mammal of the major group Eutheria, which includes all the placentals and excludes the marsupials and monotremes.
Reptilia
class of cold-blooded air-breathing vertebrates with completely ossified skeleton and a body usually covered with scales or horny plates; once the dominant land animals.
Lepidosauria
are reptiles with overlapping scales. This subclass includes Squamata and Rhynchocephalia. It is a monophyletic group and therefore contains all descendents of a common ancestor. Squamata includes snakes, lizards, and amphisbaenia.
Testudinia
characterised by a special bony or cartilaginous shell developed from their ribs and acting as a shield. “Turtle” may refer to the order as a whole (American English) or to fresh-water and sea-dwelling
Crocodilia
a large subclass of diapsid reptiles including: crocodiles; alligators; dinosaurs; pterosaurs; plesiosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts
Aves
The class of vertebrata that includes the birds. aves, or birds, have a complete double Circulation, oviparous, reproduction, front limbs peculiarly modified as wings; and they bear feathers.
Primates
Any of various mammals of the order Primates, which consists of the lemurs, lorises, tarsiers, New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, and apes including humans, and is characterized by nails on the hands and feet, a short snout, and a large brain.
Anthropoid
consists of the New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, and apes including humans. Resembling a human, especially in shape or outward appearance.
Australopithecines
means ‘southern ape.’ It is an extinct genus of members of the human family tree. Scientists generally accept five species: A. afarensus, A. africanus, A. anamensis, A. garhi, and A. sediba, as belonging to the genus.
mollusca
bivalves, gastropods, chiton, marine some have shells and visceral masses.
annelida
segmented worms
oligochaeta
deposit feeders, earthworms
polychaeta
lineage of annelids
rotifera
plankton, have coelom, corona, suspension feeders
platyhelminthes
flat worms like tapeworms and flukes
cestoda
tapeworms
trematoda
flukes
turbellaria
free living species, platyhelminthes
crustacea
shrimp, lobster, crab, nauplius larva, marine and freshwater, have mandibles
chelicerata
spiders, ticks, 6 pairs of appendages, feed on insects
myriapoda
centipedes and millipedes, head and long truck
cephalopoda
squid and octopus, “head feet”
polyplacophora
chitons, “many plate bearing”
gastropoda
snails and slugs, large muscular food, some have shell
mollusca
slams, mussels, scallops,
