Chapter 34

Question 1

Ovoviviparous

Answer 1

Producing eggs that are retained inside the body until they are ready to hatch.

Question 2

Viviparous

Answer 2

Producing love young that develop within the body of the mother before birth.

Question 3

Ectotherm

Answer 3

An animal that does not use internally generated heat to regulate its body temperature.

Question 4

Endotherm

Answer 4

An animal whose primary source of body heat is internally generated heat.

Question 5

Placenta

Answer 5

A structure that forms in the pregnant uterus from maternal and fetal tissues. Exchanges nutrients and waste between mother and fetus, anchors the fetus to the uterine wall, and produces some hormones. Occurs in most mammals, and few other vertebrates

Question 6

Gestation

Answer 6

The duration of embryonic development from fertilization to birth in those species that have live birth.

Question 7

Lactation

Answer 7

Production of milk from mammary glands of mammals.

Question 8

Mammary gland

Answer 8

Specialized exocrine glands that produce and secrete milk for nursing offspring. A diagnostic feature of mammals.

Question 9

Parental care

Answer 9

Any action by which an animal expends energy or assumes risks to benefit its offspring

Question 10

Pharyngeal jaw

Answer 10

A second jaw in the back of the mouth, found in some fishes. Derived from modified gill arches.

Question 11

Grade

Answer 11

In Taxonomy, a group of species that share a position in an inferred evolutionary sequence of lineages but that are not in monophyletic group.

Question 12

Feather

Answer 12

A specialized skin outgrowth, composed of B- Keratin, present in all birds and only in birds. Used for flight, insulation, display, and other purposes.

Question 13

Keel

Answer 13

A bone that runs down the chest into the stomachs of birds.

Question 14

Protrusible jaw

Answer 14

A jaw in a fish that is capable of being thrust forwards.

Question 15

Swim bladder

Answer 15

A gas filled organ of many Ray finned fishes that regulates buoyancy.

Question 16

Eutherians

Answer 16

A lineage of mammals who’s young develop in the uterus and are not housed in an abdominal pouch.

Question 17

Marsupial

Answer 17

A lineage of mammals that nourish their young in an abdominal pouch after a very short period of development in the uterus.

Question 18

Monotremes

Answer 18

Mammals that lay eggs and then nourish the young with milk. Includes just three living species the platypus and two species of echidna.

Question 19

Mammals

Answer 19

One of the two lineages of amniotes distinguished by hair and mammary glands. Includes the monotremes marsupials and Eutherians.

Question 20

Amniote

Answer 20

A major lineage of vertebrates that reproduce with amniotic eggs. Includes all reptiles birds and mammals.

Question 21

Amphibian

Answer 21

A lineage of vertebrates many of whom breathe through their skin and feed on land but lay their eggs in the water. Represent the earliest of the tetrapods include frogs, salamanders, and caecilians.

Question 22

Tetrapods

Answer 22

Any member of the taxon tetrapoda, which includes all vertebrates with two pairs of limbs.

Question 23

Lobe-finned fish

Answer 23

Fish with fins supported by bony elements that extend down the length of the structure

Question 24

Oviparous

Answer 24

Producing eggs that are laid outside the body where they develop and hatch.