Chapter 33 (Sleep) Vocab

Question 1

Circadian Rhythm

Answer 1

The natural cycle of physical, mental, and behavior changes that the body goes through in a 24-hour cycle

Question 2

Biological Clock

Answer 2

help regulate the timing of bodily processes, including circadian rhythms

Question 3

Cataplexy

Answer 3

Sudden muscle weakness during intense emotions such as anger or laughter that can occur at any time. In a severe attack, a patient loses voluntary muscle control and falls to floor

Question 4

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS)

Answer 4

a common complaint of people experiencing OSA or CSA. Includes symptoms of fatigue, morning headaches, irritability, depression, etc

Question 5

Hypnotics

Answer 5

group of drug that induces and/or maintains sleep. Long term use can disrupt sleep and lead to more serious problems.

Question 6

Insomnia

Answer 6

• a symptom (not a disease) that is experienced by patients who have chronic difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings from sleep or nonrestorative sleep
• usually acute or temporary following situational stress, illness, or grief

Question 7

Melatonin

Answer 7

neurohormone produced in the brain that helps control circadian rhythms

Question 8

Narcolepsy

Answer 8

rare CNS dysfunction of mechanisms that regulate sleep and wake states. Causes a person to suddenly feel a wave of sleepiness and fall asleep

Question 9

Nocturia

Answer 9

nighttime urination

Question 10

Nonrapid Eye Movement (NREM) Sleep

Answer 10

dreamless sleep that progresses through 4 90 minute stages. the breathing and heart rate are slow and regular, the blood pressure is low, and the sleeper is relatively still

Question 11

Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep

Answer 11

the phase at the end of each 90 min sleep cycle where there is increased brain activity associated with rapid eye movements and muscle atonia

Question 12

Sedatives

Answer 12

group of drug that induces and/or maintains sleep. Long term use can disrupt sleep and lead to more serious problems.

Question 13

Sleep

Answer 13

a recurrent, altered state of consciousness that occurs for sustained periods

Question 14

Sleep Apnea

Answer 14

a disorder characterized by a lack of airflow through the nose and mouth for periods ranging from 10 seconds to 1-2 minutes during sleep

Question 15

Sleep Deprivation

Answer 15

can be acute or chronic and results from insufficient or disrupted sleep. Causes can be illness, emotional stress, meds, environmental disturbances, etc