Chapter 29 (Immobility) Vocab

Question 1

Abduction

Answer 1

the movement of an extremity away from the midline of the body

Question 2

Activity Tolerance

Answer 2

an individual’s ability to tolerate completing their activities of daily living

Question 3

Atelectasis

Answer 3

collapse of alveoli

Question 4

Anthropometric Measurements

Answer 4

a series of quantitative measurements of the muscle, bone, and adipose tissue used to assess the composition of the body

Question 5

Diuresis

Answer 5

increased urine excretion

Question 6

Bed Rest

Answer 6

being in bed

Question 7

Body Alignment

Answer 7

how the head, shoulders, spine, hips, knees and ankles relate and line up with each other

Question 8

Body Mechanics

Answer 8

describes the ways we move as we go about our daily lives. It includes how we hold our bodies when we sit, stand, lift, carry, bend, and sleep

Question 9

Cerebellum

Answer 9

receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain and then regulates motor movements, coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, and speech, resulting in smooth and balanced muscular activity

Question 10

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Answer 10

blood clotting that develops with deep veins, often in the leg or pelvis

Question 11

Pulmonary Embolus

Answer 11

a deep vein clot that breaks free from a vein wall, travels to the lungs, and blocks some or all of the blood supply

Question 12

Recumbence

Answer 12

a position of lying down at rest

Question 13

Dorsiflexion

Answer 13

backward bending and contracting of your hand or foot

Question 14

Exercise

Answer 14

activity requiring physical effort, carried out to sustain or improve health and fitness

Question 15

Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)

Answer 15

a blood clot in the vein

Question 16

Footdrop

Answer 16

Dropping of the front of the foot due to weakness or paralysis of the anterior muscles of the lower leg

Question 17

Friction

Answer 17

the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another

Question 18

Hand-Wrist Splints

Answer 18

a brace that looks like a fingerless glove. It stabilizes your wrist in a straight and sometimes slightly bent-back position

Question 19

Ischemia

Answer 19

a condition in which the blood flow (and thus oxygen) is restricted or reduced in a part of the body

Question 20

Osteoporosis

Answer 20

a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, typically as a result of hormonal changes, or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D

Question 21

Pathological Fractures

Answer 21

a break in a bone that is caused by an underlying disease

Question 22

Plantar Flexion

Answer 22

the movement of the foot when it is bent at the ankle away from the body

Question 23

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)

Answer 23

• activities that allow an individual to live independently in a community
• slightly more complex tasks than ADLs, like housekeeping, meal preparation, shopping

Question 24

Joint Contracture

Answer 24

n inability to move a joint through its full range of motion

Question 25

Mobility

Answer 25

the ability to move or be moved freely and easily

Question 26

Negative Nitrogen Balance

Answer 26

• When the amount of nitrogen exerted from the body is greater than the amount ingested.
• Ex: When glucose can’t enter the cells and the body begins breaking down its protein stores for energy. This is during times of immobility when metabolic changes are happening

Question 27

Prone

Answer 27

laying on stomach, face down

Question 28

Trochanter Rolls

Answer 28

wedge (usually a rolled towel) placed from the crest of the ilium to midthigh to prevent external rotation of the hip when the patient is in a recumbent position

Question 29

Renal Calculi

Answer 29

Kidney stones