Chapter 29 (Immobility) Vocab Flashcards
Abduction
the movement of an extremity away from the midline of the body
Activity Tolerance
an individual’s ability to tolerate completing their activities of daily living
Atelectasis
collapse of alveoli
Anthropometric Measurements
a series of quantitative measurements of the muscle, bone, and adipose tissue used to assess the composition of the body
Diuresis
increased urine excretion
Bed Rest
being in bed
Body Alignment
how the head, shoulders, spine, hips, knees and ankles relate and line up with each other
Body Mechanics
describes the ways we move as we go about our daily lives. It includes how we hold our bodies when we sit, stand, lift, carry, bend, and sleep
Cerebellum
receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain and then regulates motor movements, coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, and speech, resulting in smooth and balanced muscular activity
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
blood clotting that develops with deep veins, often in the leg or pelvis
Pulmonary Embolus
a deep vein clot that breaks free from a vein wall, travels to the lungs, and blocks some or all of the blood supply
Recumbence
a position of lying down at rest
Dorsiflexion
backward bending and contracting of your hand or foot
Exercise
activity requiring physical effort, carried out to sustain or improve health and fitness
Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
a blood clot in the vein
Footdrop
Dropping of the front of the foot due to weakness or paralysis of the anterior muscles of the lower leg
Friction
the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another
Hand-Wrist Splints
a brace that looks like a fingerless glove. It stabilizes your wrist in a straight and sometimes slightly bent-back position
Ischemia
a condition in which the blood flow (and thus oxygen) is restricted or reduced in a part of the body
Osteoporosis
a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, typically as a result of hormonal changes, or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D
Pathological Fractures
a break in a bone that is caused by an underlying disease
Plantar Flexion
the movement of the foot when it is bent at the ankle away from the body
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)
- activities that allow an individual to live independently in a community
- slightly more complex tasks than ADLs, like housekeeping, meal preparation, shopping
Joint Contracture
n inability to move a joint through its full range of motion
Mobility
the ability to move or be moved freely and easily
Negative Nitrogen Balance
- When the amount of nitrogen exerted from the body is greater than the amount ingested.
- Ex: When glucose can’t enter the cells and the body begins breaking down its protein stores for energy. This is during times of immobility when metabolic changes are happening
Prone
laying on stomach, face down
Trochanter Rolls
wedge (usually a rolled towel) placed from the crest of the ilium to midthigh to prevent external rotation of the hip when the patient is in a recumbent position
Renal Calculi
Kidney stones
