Chapter 28 (Activity and Exercise) Vocab Flashcards
Active Range of Motion Exercises
When a patient is able to move his or her joints
Activities of Daily Living (ADLS)
the activities usually performed in the course of a normal day in a persons life
Antagonistic Muscles
- Bring about movement at the joints.
- In a muscle pair, when one muscle contracts, this muscle relaxes
Antigravity Muscles
- a muscle that stabilizes joints
- these muscles continuously oppose the effect of gravity on the body and permit a person to maintain an upright or sitting posture
- Ex: extensors of the legs, the gluteus maximus, the quadriceps femoris, the soleus muscles, and muscles of the back
Cartilage
nonvascular, supporting connective tissue with the flexibility of a firm, plastic material
Center of Gravity
the point at which all parts are in balance with one another
Ergonomics
the design of work tasks to best suit the capabilities of workers
Extension
The act of straightening or extending a limb
Footboards
a device placed at the foot of the bed in such a way that the feet rest firmly against it and are at right angles to the legs
Friction
the effect of rubbing or the force between two objects rubbing against each other
Gait
the manner of style of walking including rhythm, cadence, length of stride and speed
Hemiplegia
Paralysis of one side of the body
Isometric Contraction
Involves the tightening or tensing of muscles without moving body parts
Isotonic Contraction
When tension remains the same, whilst the muscle’s length changes
Joint
A connection between two bones
Ligaments
White, shiny, flexible bands of fibrous tissue that bind joints and connects bones and cartilages
Mechanical Lift
used to move those who are unable to stand on their own or whose weight makes it unsafe to move or lift them manually
Muscle Tone
the resistance of a muscle to active or passive stretch, or the overall stiffness of the muscle
Orthostatic Hypotension
A form of low blood pressure that happens when standing up from sitting or lying down.
Posture
the position in which someone holds their body when standing or sitting
Proprioception
the awareness of the position of the body and its parts and it depends on the impulses from the inner ear and receptors in joins and ligaments
Range of Motion (ROM)
the extent of movement of a joint, measured in degrees of a circle
Side Rail
A structural support attached to the frame of a bed and intended to prevent a patient from falling.
Supine
laying on back, face up
Tendons
white, glistening fibrous bands of tissues that connect muscle to bone
