Chapter 28 (Activity and Exercise) Vocab

Question 1

Active Range of Motion Exercises

Answer 1

When a patient is able to move his or her joints

Question 2

Activities of Daily Living (ADLS)

Answer 2

the activities usually performed in the course of a normal day in a persons life

Question 3

Antagonistic Muscles

Answer 3

• Bring about movement at the joints.

- In a muscle pair, when one muscle contracts, this muscle relaxes

Question 4

Antigravity Muscles

Answer 4

• a muscle that stabilizes joints
• these muscles continuously oppose the effect of gravity on the body and permit a person to maintain an upright or sitting posture
• Ex: extensors of the legs, the gluteus maximus, the quadriceps femoris, the soleus muscles, and muscles of the back

Question 5

Cartilage

Answer 5

nonvascular, supporting connective tissue with the flexibility of a firm, plastic material

Question 6

Center of Gravity

Answer 6

the point at which all parts are in balance with one another

Question 7

Ergonomics

Answer 7

the design of work tasks to best suit the capabilities of workers

Question 8

Extension

Answer 8

The act of straightening or extending a limb

Question 9

Footboards

Answer 9

a device placed at the foot of the bed in such a way that the feet rest firmly against it and are at right angles to the legs

Question 10

Friction

Answer 10

the effect of rubbing or the force between two objects rubbing against each other

Question 11

Gait

Answer 11

the manner of style of walking including rhythm, cadence, length of stride and speed

Question 12

Hemiplegia

Answer 12

Paralysis of one side of the body

Question 13

Isometric Contraction

Answer 13

Involves the tightening or tensing of muscles without moving body parts

Question 14

Isotonic Contraction

Answer 14

When tension remains the same, whilst the muscle’s length changes

Question 15

Joint

Answer 15

A connection between two bones

Question 16

Ligaments

Answer 16

White, shiny, flexible bands of fibrous tissue that bind joints and connects bones and cartilages

Question 17

Mechanical Lift

Answer 17

used to move those who are unable to stand on their own or whose weight makes it unsafe to move or lift them manually

Question 18

Muscle Tone

Answer 18

the resistance of a muscle to active or passive stretch, or the overall stiffness of the muscle

Question 19

Orthostatic Hypotension

Answer 19

A form of low blood pressure that happens when standing up from sitting or lying down.

Question 20

Posture

Answer 20

the position in which someone holds their body when standing or sitting

Question 21

Proprioception

Answer 21

the awareness of the position of the body and its parts and it depends on the impulses from the inner ear and receptors in joins and ligaments

Question 22

Range of Motion (ROM)

Answer 22

the extent of movement of a joint, measured in degrees of a circle

Question 23

Side Rail

Answer 23

A structural support attached to the frame of a bed and intended to prevent a patient from falling.

Question 24

Supine

Answer 24

laying on back, face up

Question 25

Tendons

Answer 25

white, glistening fibrous bands of tissues that connect muscle to bone