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POSTMIDTERM:LHE BACTE > Chapter 32: Moraxella species > Flashcards

Chapter 32: Moraxella species Flashcards

1
Q

2 subgenera of the genus Moraxella

A

Moraxella
Branhamella

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2
Q

Moraxella spp shape

A

Short, plump, Gram-negative rods, or occasionally cocci which typically occur in pairs

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3
Q

How short is Moraxella

A

1.0 to 1.5x 1.5 to 2.5 um

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4
Q

Motility

A

Non-motile

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5
Q

Environment

A

Aerobic

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6
Q

Test for:
-Catalase
-Oxidase

A

Usually positive

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7
Q

Pathogenic genus are proteolytic but

A

Are unable to utilize sugars

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8
Q

Fastidious or non-fastidious

A

Fastidious

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9
Q

Requirement

A

Addition of blood or serum to media

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10
Q

Growth does not occur in what agar

A

MacConkey agar

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11
Q

Principal pathogen of the genus

A

Moraxella bovis

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12
Q

Moraxella bovis when isolated from cases of keratoconjunctivitis, virulent strains are:

A

-fimbriae
-haemolytic
-and grow into the agar

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13
Q

Are also associated with disease in animals

A

-M. bovoculi
-M. ovis
-M. equi

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14
Q

Can cause disease in humans

A

Moraxella catarrhalis

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15
Q

Are they susceptible to dessication?

A

-yes

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16
Q

Habitat

A

mucous membranes

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17
Q

M. bovis is found on

A

Mucous membranes of carrier cattle

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18
Q

Moraxella bovis causes what

A

Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK)

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19
Q

Ocular disease in cattle

A

Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK)

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20
Q

IBK sometimes referred to as

A

-pink eye
-new forest disease

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21
Q

Isolated from upper respiratory tract of healthy goats

A

Moraxella boevrei

22
Q

Isolated from animals affected by IBK.

A

M. bovoculi

23
Q

Possesses RTX toxin but pathogenicity is unproven

A

M. bovoculi

24
Q

Member of the oral flora of dogs. Has been isolated from dog bite wounds in humans

A

M. canis

25
Q

Isolated from the upper respiratory tract of healthy goats

A

M. caprae

26
Q

Isolated from IBK in association with other organism

A

M. cuniculi

27
Q

Conjunctivitis in horse

A

M. equi

28
Q

Isolated from a number of pathological conditions in animals including goats, dogs, pigs, and aborted equine foetuses.

A

M. lacunata

29
Q

Isolated from healthy animals and those with keratoconjunctivitis

A

M. ovis

30
Q

Isolated from a number of sites in farm animals but pathogenicity uncertain

A

M. phenylpyruvica

31
Q

Factors which may exacerbate IBK

A

-Age: young cattle 2 years old are susceptible
-Breed: Bos taurus > Bos indicus
-Fly activity: act as vectors
-Ocular irritants: predispose disease
-Concurrent infections: bovine herpes virus 1 or Thelazia
-Vit. deficiency: low vit. A predispose to disease

32
Q

Survive 72 hrs in

A

-salivary glands
-body surfaces of flies (vectors)

33
Q

Asymptomatic carriers harbour M. bovis in:

A

-Nasolacrimal ducts
-nasopharynx
-vagina

34
Q

Transmission

A

Direct, aerosols, through flies

35
Q

Virulence of M. bovis is attributed to

A

Fimbriae

36
Q

Fimbriae

A

-allows adherence (cornea)
-circumventing the protective effects of lacrimal secretions and blinking

37
Q

Types of fimbriae

A

-Q fimbriae
-I fimbriae

38
Q

Fimbriae specific for colonization

A

Q fimbriae (pili)

39
Q

Allow local persistence of infection

A

I fimbriae

40
Q

Stimulate type specific protective immunity

A

Fimbrial antigens

41
Q

May be important for adherence also

A

Filamentous-haemagglutinin-like proteins

42
Q

During bacterial replication haemolysins and lytic enzymes are produced such as

A

-fibrolysin
-phosphatase
-hyaluronidase
-aminopeptidase

43
Q

Damage the cell membranes of neutrophils

A

Haemolysin

44
Q

Also play an important role in virulence

A

Lipopolysaccharides, associated with O antigens

45
Q

Calcium dependent, pore-forming cytolysin

A

Haemolysin

46
Q

Haemolysin toxin is shown to be an _______ toxin

A

RTX (repeats in toxin)

47
Q

With haemolytic and cytotoxic activity and designated Mbx A

A

Haemolysin

48
Q

Contributes to break-down of it’s collagen matrix

A

Release of hydrolytic enzymes from neutrophils on the corneal surface

49
Q

Strains lack either cytotoxin or fimbriae

A

Avirulent

50
Q

Often non-haemolytic and non-fimbriated but reversion to virulence can occur

A

Isolated from carrier animals

51
Q

Deficiency to _____ in the lacrimal secretions of cattle may account for their susceptibility to ____

A

-lysozyme
-M. bovis

52
Q

Type of bacteria

A

Gram-negative

POSTMIDTERM:LHE BACTE (5 decks)

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