Chapter 32 and FDR (Federal Dance Revolution) Flashcards
1
Q
What were the sentiments of voters during the election of 1932 and what caused them
A
very bad mood due to millions unemployed
2
Q
Who was the republican candidate running during the election of 1932
A
Hoover
3
Q
Who was the Democratic candidate running during the election of 1932
A
FDR
4
Q
What set FDR apart from Hoover in his campaign (the phrase he used)
A
he showed concern for the “common man”
5
Q
who won the election of 1932
A
FDR
6
Q
What was FDR’s group of political advisors known as
A
Brain trist
7
Q
What did FDR’s Brain trist do?
A
author much of the new deal legislation
8
Q
What was FDR’s first move in office
A
create bank holiday
9
Q
What did FDR’s bank holiday do/stipulate
A
Closed all banks except financially sound ones
10
Q
What was the period of time when the special session where FDR called the democrat controlled congress to start trying to pass new deal legislation
A
Hundred Days
11
Q
From when to when was the “hundred days”?
A
March 9 to June 1933
12
Q
What three R’s did FDR’s New Deal focus on
A
Relief, recovery, reform
13
Q
What did the relief part of FDR’s new deal focus on
A
short term aid to provide immediate relief and recovery
14
Q
What did the reform part of FDR’s new deal focus on
A
long term recovery and change to legislation
15
Q
Why was every piece of the hundred days new deal legislation passed so easily by Congress?
A
The mood in the US was super desperate
16
Q
Which act gave the president power to regulate banking transactions, foreign exchanges, and reopen solvent banks
A
Emergency Banking Act of 1933
17
Q
What did FDR do to gain support for New Deal Programs with the public
A
deliver “fireside Chats” basically radio talk shows
18
Q
What were FDR’s fireside chats mainly about
A
it’s safe to keep money in banks
19
Q
Which act did FDR sign into law in order to aid banking stability
A
Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act of 1933
20
Q
What did FDR ask americans to do with their gold
A
exchange it for paper money
21
Q
What did FDR asking americans to exchange their gold for paper money do
A
cause really big inflation
22
Q
Which corp was created for the sake of getting the public more jobs
A
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
23
Q
What was the Civilian Conservation Corps purpose
A
getting people to work at fresh air government camps
24
Q
What was one of FDR’s favorite programs
A
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
25
Which act passed by congress granted 3 billion dollars to states for direct relief payments or payments on work projects
Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)
26
Which act passed by congress sought to aid farmers by making money available to farmers to help them pay their mortage
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
27
How was the Agricultural Adjustment Act different than anything Hoover had tried to implement
gave to individuals instead of groups which were supposed to help the individuals
28
Which congress passed act made money available to homeowners, offering the chance to refinance loans
Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOCC)
29
Which group created temporary jobs during the winter months because FDR still saw unemployment as a major problem
Civil Works Administration (CWA)
30
Who was the Civil Works Administration run by
Harry Hopkins
31
What still thrived despite new deal programs
unemployment and discontent
32
Who was the anti-New Deal Catholic Broadcaster from Michigan
Father coughlin
33
What was Father Coughlin's slogan/thing he won people over with
Social Justice
34
Why was Father Coughlin's radio program brought down
his messages started to take on an anti-semitic tone
35
What was Father Coughlin also known as
The Microphone Messiah (dude that's such a cool name for such a bad guy)
36
Which US demagogue attacked wealthy americans and wanted income redistribution
Huey P Long
37
What was Huey P Long also known as
the Kingfish of Louisiana
38
What was Huey P. Long's slogan
"make every man a king"
39
What happened to Huey P. Long on his quest to become the first American dictator
oops he made too many enemies and he got shot 'n' killed
40
Who was the retired CA physician who appealed to senior citizens with his suggested policies
Dr. Francis E. Townsend
41
What was the name of Dr. Francis E. Townsend's proposed plan
the "Old Age Plan"
42
What did the Old Age Plan which Dr. Francis E. Townsend stipulate
everyone over the age of 60 would receive 200 dollars a month
43
What did Dr. Francis E. Townsend's Old Age Plan inspire
social security checks
44
Who were some other 1930's demagogues?
Hitler and Mussolini
45
What administration was created to fight the growing discontent following the popular demagogues
Works Progress Administration (WPA)
46
Who launched the Works Progress Administration under the authorization of Congress
Harry Hopkins
47
What was the purpose of the Works Progress Administration
help unemployment by giving men useful jobs like constructing buildings and paving roads
48
Who did the Works Progress Administration hire
Anyone from high schoolers, college students, actors, writers, directors, and anyone in betwen
49
Which congress authorized administration made individual states work out fair codes of competition where hours of labor would be reduced and spread out to more workers
National Recovery Administration
50
What ideals of FDR did the National Recovery Administration work with/combine
Three R's
51
What was the national symbol of the NRA
Blue Eagle
52
What were customers told to do in relation to the National Recovery Administration
Shop at Blue Eagle Shops
53
Why did the National Recovery Administration not really work
it only worked if businesses followed the codes but many didn't
54
What eventually became of the national recovery administration
shut down by Supreme Court because Congress can't regulate intrastate commerce
55
which administration authorized by Congress aided industrial relief and recovery
Public Works Administration
56
who headed the Public Works Administration
Harold Ickes
57
Which act legalized and taxed "light" beer and wine
Beer and Wine Revenue act
58
What constituted a "light" alcoholic beverage for the Beer and Wine Revenue Act
3.2 percent abv
59
When was Prohibition repealeld
1933
60
Which amendment repealed prohibition
the 21st
61
Which act included in the first hundred days legislation required stock brokers to inform investors on the soundness of their stocks and bonds
the Truth in Securities act
62
What was the truth in securities act previously known as
Federal Securities Act
63
Which congress authorized commission became the watchdog agency of the stock market
the Securities and Exchange commission
64
What issue concerning the Tennessee River was happening
eroding area which contained 25 million most poverty stricken people in America
65
What solution was found by using federal government property in Alabama concerning the erosion caused by the Tennessee River
a dam
66
Why did a Dam solve the erosion caused by the tennessee river and other problems
prevented flooding, provided inexpensive electricity, and provided thousands of jobs
67
What Congress passed group accomplished the goal of establishing a dam on the Tennessee River
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
68
Which senator led the Tennessee Valley Authority
Senator George Norris
69
What did the private utilities backing the TVA call it
creeping socialism in concrete
70
Why didn't private utilities like the TVA
didn't like gov competing with the private sector
71
which administration established by FDR was made with the want to speed recovery and to help people afford better homes
Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
72
How did the Federal Housing Administration affect the housing market
stimulated it by giving small loans to householders
73
What Congress added agency was designed to lend money to states/communities for low cost home construction
United States Housing Authority (USHA)
74
Why was the United States Housing Authority and Federal Housing Administration necessary
lots of people were still living in hoovervilles
75
What issue did the New Deal tackle concerning older people
unemployment insurance and old age pension
76
Which act by FDR allowed retired workers to get regular payments depending on their socioeconomic status
Social Security Act of 1935
77
What act was considered by FDR to be the greatest New Deal Victory
social Security Act of 1935
78
What was the Social Security Act financed by
payroll tax
79
What levels was unemployment insurance made available at by 1935
both state and federal level
80
What was the Social Security act considered to be the first of
First big entitlement program
81
Who was one of the biggest critics of the social security act
Hoover
82
Was the entitlement provided by the social security act needed?
Yes at the time but it went on for too long
83
Is it dangerous to add more entitlements to government nowadays?
Yes, burden grows too big for those paying for it
84
What had fallen off big time ever since the end of WWI
Farming
85
What congress established administration set parity prices for basic commodities like wheat
Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) (DIFFERENT FROM AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT)
86
What are parity prices?
making something have the same real value it enjoyed from 1909 to 1914 (give something a price based on previous price it had)
87
What did the Agricultural Adjustment Administration want ot end
agricultural product surplus
88
How did the Agricultural Adjustment Administration try to end the agricultural product surplus
paying farmers to reduce crop average (leaving areas bare)
89
How did the government get the money to pay the farmers leaving their land bare from the Agricultural Adjustment Administration
taxing the processors of agricultural products
90
What did the government taxing the processors of agricultural products do
shift burden to consumers (higher prices for items such as flour)
91
What was the Agricultural Adjustment administration criticized for
encouraging farmers to farm under crops (ruining them) and slaughtering animals unnecessarily to get the empty land benefits despite rampant starvation
92
What did the Supreme court rule concerning the taxation of producers to pay farmers for leaving their land bare
declared it unconstitutional
93
Which New Deal inspired act paid subsidies to farmers that planted conservation crops like soybeans or peanuts
Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act of 1936
94
What act linked parity prices to payments on average restrictions on commodities like wheat/cotton
the second Agricultural Adjustment Act
95
Which area of the trans-mississippi area was hit by a drought late 1933
Great Plains
96
What did the drought hitting the trans-mississippi area cause/lead to
Dust Bowl
97
What happened during the dust bowl (like what were the effects)
heavy winds blew up dried tonnes of dried top soil
98
Where did many Oklahoma and Arkansas residents flee to in search of a better life during the Dust Bowl
West to California
99
What were the Oklahoma and Arkansas residents who fled to California during the dust bowl called
okies and arkies (very creative)
100
Who depicted the struggles of the dust bowl in their book
John Steinbeck
101
What was John steinbeck's book concerning the struggles of the dust bowl called
grapes of wrath
102
which act reasserted the right of labor to unionize and bargain collectively through representatives
National Labor Relations Act of 1935
103
Who headed/created the National Labor Relations Act
Wagner
104
What was created in suit of the National Labor Relations Act for administratiave reason
National Labor Relations Board
105
Which individual pushed for the creation of the congress of industrial organization in 1935 within the ranks of the ranks of the federation of labor
John L Lewis
106
Who was John L Lewis
boss of the United Mine Workers
107
Which congress passed act required industries involved in interstate trade to set up minimum wage and max hours worked
Fair Labor Standards Act of 1935
108
What did the Fair Labor Standards Act stipulate
Labor by children under sixteen forbidden and people needed to be eighteen to do dangerous work
109
Who was appointed by FDR as the first female SEcretary of Labor
Frances Perkins
110
Why was Frances Perkins being appointed as the secretary of labor significant
she was a witness to the triangle shirtwaist factory fire and worked to prevent more of such instances
111
What was the election of 1936 viewed as a battle between
rich and poor
112
Why was the election of 1936 viewed as a battle between the rich and poor
poor liked FDR and his efforts to help them, rich hated the guy
113
Who was the republican candidate for the election of 1936
Alfred M. Landon
114
Who was Alfred M. Landon
governor of Kansas
115
How one sided was the election of 1936 towards democrats/FDR
the republicans literally only took maine and vermont, didn't even take kansas, the candidate's home state
116
What majority party controlled congress after the election of 1936
Democrats
117
What was significant about FDr taking his oath in january instead of march
shortened "lame duck" period due to 20th amendment
118
What did FDR see his re-election as
the public approving of his new deal
119
What stood in the way of FDR making New Deal Legislation after his re-election
conservative Supreme Court
120
How many times did the conservative supreme court foil FDR's attempts to make New Deal legislation after his re-election
7 times out of the 9 legislations he suggested
121
What scheme did FDr create in response to the conservative supreme court shooting down all of his new deal legislations
Court Packing Plan
122
What would FDR's court packing plan say?
ask Congress to add one justice to the SC for every lover the age of 70
123
What would Fdr's court packing rule have done?
increase the size of the Sc to 15 and allow FDR to appoint all six new members
124
What did the SC do in response to FDR's suggested court packing plan
uphold more new deal legislation cause they were afraid of FDR's plan
125
What would scholars later say about the New Deal Legislation
it was better written and more constitutional
126
what did members of the congress deem the court packing plan to be
unneccessary
127
Why did the court packing plan matter so much?
checks and balances!!!!
128
What can be concluded about the New Deal
brought relief during the Great Depression but DIDN'T END IT
