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APUSH > Chapter 32 and FDR (Federal Dance Revolution) > Flashcards

Chapter 32 and FDR (Federal Dance Revolution) Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the sentiments of voters during the election of 1932 and what caused them

A

very bad mood due to millions unemployed

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2
Q

Who was the republican candidate running during the election of 1932

A

Hoover

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3
Q

Who was the Democratic candidate running during the election of 1932

A

FDR

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4
Q

What set FDR apart from Hoover in his campaign (the phrase he used)

A

he showed concern for the “common man”

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5
Q

who won the election of 1932

A

FDR

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6
Q

What was FDR’s group of political advisors known as

A

Brain trist

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7
Q

What did FDR’s Brain trist do?

A

author much of the new deal legislation

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8
Q

What was FDR’s first move in office

A

create bank holiday

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9
Q

What did FDR’s bank holiday do/stipulate

A

Closed all banks except financially sound ones

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10
Q

What was the period of time when the special session where FDR called the democrat controlled congress to start trying to pass new deal legislation

A

Hundred Days

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11
Q

From when to when was the “hundred days”?

A

March 9 to June 1933

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12
Q

What three R’s did FDR’s New Deal focus on

A

Relief, recovery, reform

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13
Q

What did the relief part of FDR’s new deal focus on

A

short term aid to provide immediate relief and recovery

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14
Q

What did the reform part of FDR’s new deal focus on

A

long term recovery and change to legislation

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15
Q

Why was every piece of the hundred days new deal legislation passed so easily by Congress?

A

The mood in the US was super desperate

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16
Q

Which act gave the president power to regulate banking transactions, foreign exchanges, and reopen solvent banks

A

Emergency Banking Act of 1933

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17
Q

What did FDR do to gain support for New Deal Programs with the public

A

deliver “fireside Chats” basically radio talk shows

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18
Q

What were FDR’s fireside chats mainly about

A

it’s safe to keep money in banks

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19
Q

Which act did FDR sign into law in order to aid banking stability

A

Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act of 1933

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20
Q

What did FDR ask americans to do with their gold

A

exchange it for paper money

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21
Q

What did FDR asking americans to exchange their gold for paper money do

A

cause really big inflation

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22
Q

Which corp was created for the sake of getting the public more jobs

A

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

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23
Q

What was the Civilian Conservation Corps purpose

A

getting people to work at fresh air government camps

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24
Q

What was one of FDR’s favorite programs

A

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

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25
Q

Which act passed by congress granted 3 billion dollars to states for direct relief payments or payments on work projects

A

Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)

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26
Q

Which act passed by congress sought to aid farmers by making money available to farmers to help them pay their mortage

A

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

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27
Q

How was the Agricultural Adjustment Act different than anything Hoover had tried to implement

A

gave to individuals instead of groups which were supposed to help the individuals

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28
Q

Which congress passed act made money available to homeowners, offering the chance to refinance loans

A

Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOCC)

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29
Q

Which group created temporary jobs during the winter months because FDR still saw unemployment as a major problem

A

Civil Works Administration (CWA)

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30
Q

Who was the Civil Works Administration run by

A

Harry Hopkins

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31
Q

What still thrived despite new deal programs

A

unemployment and discontent

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32
Q

Who was the anti-New Deal Catholic Broadcaster from Michigan

A

Father coughlin

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33
Q

What was Father Coughlin’s slogan/thing he won people over with

A

Social Justice

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34
Q

Why was Father Coughlin’s radio program brought down

A

his messages started to take on an anti-semitic tone

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35
Q

What was Father Coughlin also known as

A

The Microphone Messiah (dude that’s such a cool name for such a bad guy)

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36
Q

Which US demagogue attacked wealthy americans and wanted income redistribution

A

Huey P Long

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37
Q

What was Huey P Long also known as

A

the Kingfish of Louisiana

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38
Q

What was Huey P. Long’s slogan

A

“make every man a king”

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39
Q

What happened to Huey P. Long on his quest to become the first American dictator

A

oops he made too many enemies and he got shot ‘n’ killed

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40
Q

Who was the retired CA physician who appealed to senior citizens with his suggested policies

A

Dr. Francis E. Townsend

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41
Q

What was the name of Dr. Francis E. Townsend’s proposed plan

A

the “Old Age Plan”

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42
Q

What did the Old Age Plan which Dr. Francis E. Townsend stipulate

A

everyone over the age of 60 would receive 200 dollars a month

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43
Q

What did Dr. Francis E. Townsend’s Old Age Plan inspire

A

social security checks

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44
Q

Who were some other 1930’s demagogues?

A

Hitler and Mussolini

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45
Q

What administration was created to fight the growing discontent following the popular demagogues

A

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

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46
Q

Who launched the Works Progress Administration under the authorization of Congress

A

Harry Hopkins

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47
Q

What was the purpose of the Works Progress Administration

A

help unemployment by giving men useful jobs like constructing buildings and paving roads

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48
Q

Who did the Works Progress Administration hire

A

Anyone from high schoolers, college students, actors, writers, directors, and anyone in betwen

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49
Q

Which congress authorized administration made individual states work out fair codes of competition where hours of labor would be reduced and spread out to more workers

A

National Recovery Administration

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50
Q

What ideals of FDR did the National Recovery Administration work with/combine

A

Three R’s

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51
Q

What was the national symbol of the NRA

A

Blue Eagle

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52
Q

What were customers told to do in relation to the National Recovery Administration

A

Shop at Blue Eagle Shops

53
Q

Why did the National Recovery Administration not really work

A

it only worked if businesses followed the codes but many didn’t

54
Q

What eventually became of the national recovery administration

A

shut down by Supreme Court because Congress can’t regulate intrastate commerce

55
Q

which administration authorized by Congress aided industrial relief and recovery

A

Public Works Administration

56
Q

who headed the Public Works Administration

A

Harold Ickes

57
Q

Which act legalized and taxed “light” beer and wine

A

Beer and Wine Revenue act

58
Q

What constituted a “light” alcoholic beverage for the Beer and Wine Revenue Act

A

3.2 percent abv

59
Q

When was Prohibition repealeld

A

1933

60
Q

Which amendment repealed prohibition

A

the 21st

61
Q

Which act included in the first hundred days legislation required stock brokers to inform investors on the soundness of their stocks and bonds

A

the Truth in Securities act

62
Q

What was the truth in securities act previously known as

A

Federal Securities Act

63
Q

Which congress authorized commission became the watchdog agency of the stock market

A

the Securities and Exchange commission

64
Q

What issue concerning the Tennessee River was happening

A

eroding area which contained 25 million most poverty stricken people in America

65
Q

What solution was found by using federal government property in Alabama concerning the erosion caused by the Tennessee River

A

a dam

66
Q

Why did a Dam solve the erosion caused by the tennessee river and other problems

A

prevented flooding, provided inexpensive electricity, and provided thousands of jobs

67
Q

What Congress passed group accomplished the goal of establishing a dam on the Tennessee River

A

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

68
Q

Which senator led the Tennessee Valley Authority

A

Senator George Norris

69
Q

What did the private utilities backing the TVA call it

A

creeping socialism in concrete

70
Q

Why didn’t private utilities like the TVA

A

didn’t like gov competing with the private sector

71
Q

which administration established by FDR was made with the want to speed recovery and to help people afford better homes

A

Federal Housing Administration (FHA)

72
Q

How did the Federal Housing Administration affect the housing market

A

stimulated it by giving small loans to householders

73
Q

What Congress added agency was designed to lend money to states/communities for low cost home construction

A

United States Housing Authority (USHA)

74
Q

Why was the United States Housing Authority and Federal Housing Administration necessary

A

lots of people were still living in hoovervilles

75
Q

What issue did the New Deal tackle concerning older people

A

unemployment insurance and old age pension

76
Q

Which act by FDR allowed retired workers to get regular payments depending on their socioeconomic status

A

Social Security Act of 1935

77
Q

What act was considered by FDR to be the greatest New Deal Victory

A

social Security Act of 1935

78
Q

What was the Social Security Act financed by

A

payroll tax

79
Q

What levels was unemployment insurance made available at by 1935

A

both state and federal level

80
Q

What was the Social Security act considered to be the first of

A

First big entitlement program

81
Q

Who was one of the biggest critics of the social security act

A

Hoover

82
Q

Was the entitlement provided by the social security act needed?

A

Yes at the time but it went on for too long

83
Q

Is it dangerous to add more entitlements to government nowadays?

A

Yes, burden grows too big for those paying for it

84
Q

What had fallen off big time ever since the end of WWI

A

Farming

85
Q

What congress established administration set parity prices for basic commodities like wheat

A

Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) (DIFFERENT FROM AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT)

86
Q

What are parity prices?

A

making something have the same real value it enjoyed from 1909 to 1914 (give something a price based on previous price it had)

87
Q

What did the Agricultural Adjustment Administration want ot end

A

agricultural product surplus

88
Q

How did the Agricultural Adjustment Administration try to end the agricultural product surplus

A

paying farmers to reduce crop average (leaving areas bare)

89
Q

How did the government get the money to pay the farmers leaving their land bare from the Agricultural Adjustment Administration

A

taxing the processors of agricultural products

90
Q

What did the government taxing the processors of agricultural products do

A

shift burden to consumers (higher prices for items such as flour)

91
Q

What was the Agricultural Adjustment administration criticized for

A

encouraging farmers to farm under crops (ruining them) and slaughtering animals unnecessarily to get the empty land benefits despite rampant starvation

92
Q

What did the Supreme court rule concerning the taxation of producers to pay farmers for leaving their land bare

A

declared it unconstitutional

93
Q

Which New Deal inspired act paid subsidies to farmers that planted conservation crops like soybeans or peanuts

A

Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act of 1936

94
Q

What act linked parity prices to payments on average restrictions on commodities like wheat/cotton

A

the second Agricultural Adjustment Act

95
Q

Which area of the trans-mississippi area was hit by a drought late 1933

A

Great Plains

96
Q

What did the drought hitting the trans-mississippi area cause/lead to

A

Dust Bowl

97
Q

What happened during the dust bowl (like what were the effects)

A

heavy winds blew up dried tonnes of dried top soil

98
Q

Where did many Oklahoma and Arkansas residents flee to in search of a better life during the Dust Bowl

A

West to California

99
Q

What were the Oklahoma and Arkansas residents who fled to California during the dust bowl called

A

okies and arkies (very creative)

100
Q

Who depicted the struggles of the dust bowl in their book

A

John Steinbeck

101
Q

What was John steinbeck’s book concerning the struggles of the dust bowl called

A

grapes of wrath

102
Q

which act reasserted the right of labor to unionize and bargain collectively through representatives

A

National Labor Relations Act of 1935

103
Q

Who headed/created the National Labor Relations Act

A

Wagner

104
Q

What was created in suit of the National Labor Relations Act for administratiave reason

A

National Labor Relations Board

105
Q

Which individual pushed for the creation of the congress of industrial organization in 1935 within the ranks of the ranks of the federation of labor

A

John L Lewis

106
Q

Who was John L Lewis

A

boss of the United Mine Workers

107
Q

Which congress passed act required industries involved in interstate trade to set up minimum wage and max hours worked

A

Fair Labor Standards Act of 1935

108
Q

What did the Fair Labor Standards Act stipulate

A

Labor by children under sixteen forbidden and people needed to be eighteen to do dangerous work

109
Q

Who was appointed by FDR as the first female SEcretary of Labor

A

Frances Perkins

110
Q

Why was Frances Perkins being appointed as the secretary of labor significant

A

she was a witness to the triangle shirtwaist factory fire and worked to prevent more of such instances

111
Q

What was the election of 1936 viewed as a battle between

A

rich and poor

112
Q

Why was the election of 1936 viewed as a battle between the rich and poor

A

poor liked FDR and his efforts to help them, rich hated the guy

113
Q

Who was the republican candidate for the election of 1936

A

Alfred M. Landon

114
Q

Who was Alfred M. Landon

A

governor of Kansas

115
Q

How one sided was the election of 1936 towards democrats/FDR

A

the republicans literally only took maine and vermont, didn’t even take kansas, the candidate’s home state

116
Q

What majority party controlled congress after the election of 1936

A

Democrats

117
Q

What was significant about FDr taking his oath in january instead of march

A

shortened “lame duck” period due to 20th amendment

118
Q

What did FDR see his re-election as

A

the public approving of his new deal

119
Q

What stood in the way of FDR making New Deal Legislation after his re-election

A

conservative Supreme Court

120
Q

How many times did the conservative supreme court foil FDR’s attempts to make New Deal legislation after his re-election

A

7 times out of the 9 legislations he suggested

121
Q

What scheme did FDr create in response to the conservative supreme court shooting down all of his new deal legislations

A

Court Packing Plan

122
Q

What would FDR’s court packing plan say?

A

ask Congress to add one justice to the SC for every lover the age of 70

123
Q

What would Fdr’s court packing rule have done?

A

increase the size of the Sc to 15 and allow FDR to appoint all six new members

124
Q

What did the SC do in response to FDR’s suggested court packing plan

A

uphold more new deal legislation cause they were afraid of FDR’s plan

125
Q

What would scholars later say about the New Deal Legislation

A

it was better written and more constitutional

126
Q

what did members of the congress deem the court packing plan to be

A

unneccessary

127
Q

Why did the court packing plan matter so much?

A

checks and balances!!!!

128
Q

What can be concluded about the New Deal

A

brought relief during the Great Depression but DIDN’T END IT

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