Chapter 31 and the bussin twenties Flashcards
1
Q
What was the red scare a result of
A
Bolshevik revolution of 1917
2
Q
What did Americans do after WWI
A
return to isolationism, denounce foreign ideas
3
Q
What happened that supported the red scare
A
bombs were mailed to businesses and political leaders
4
Q
What did the large amount of strikes get pinned on
A
Communism
5
Q
Why were there so many strikes during the twenties
A
wages hadn’t caught up with the prices after WWI
6
Q
Who was the attorney general which gave the order to round up all suspected of communist anarchist activity
A
A. Mitchell Palmer
7
Q
What did A Mitchell Palmer’s order to round up those suspected of communist anarchist activity result in
A
many civil rights violations and deportations
8
Q
Which case reflected the red hysteria of the twenties
A
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzeth
9
Q
Who were the two italian class atheist anarchist/draft dodgers who were likely wrongly convicted of murder in Massachusetts in 1921
A
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzeth
10
Q
What eventually became of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzeth
A
execution (like what I thought america werent gonna take foreign ideas but this has big french energy)
11
Q
Which group did post war suspicion and fear fuel
A
KKK
12
Q
What was the KKK
A
an anti-foreign, anti-catholic, anti-jewish, and anti-black group. Also hated “decaying moral values of the twenties” (prohibition/women’s rights)
13
Q
Which areas were the KKK most involved in
A
Midwest and bible belt south (beeeeeeg following in Indiana)
14
Q
What us sentiment carried over to feelings of anti-immigrationism
A
us isolationism
15
Q
What was happening with immigrants and the us during the twenties
A
lots and lots of immigrants pouring into the us and gov decided they didn’t like that
16
Q
Which act did Congress enact in response to the large amount of immigrants coming to america
A
Emergency quota act of 1921
17
Q
What did the emergency quota act of 1921 stipulate
A
newcomers from europe restricted to quota set at three percent of persons living in US to that nationality based on the 1910 census
18
Q
What did the Immigration act act of 1924 stipulate
A
changed emergency quota act from three percent to two percent and used 1890’s census
19
Q
What did the immigration act of 1924’s use of the 1890’s census mean
A
oops no more japanese immigration
20
Q
what was one of the last progressive reforms to be enacted
A
prohibition
21
Q
what was prohibition largely supported by
A
crusading churches and women
22
Q
What act was prohibition supported by
A
Volstead act
23
Q
What did the volstead act stipulate
A
illegal to manufacture, transport, or sell alcohol
24
Q
What ended up happening with trying to enforce the volstead act
A
didn’t go well, difficult for law enforcement b/c of home brew and secret establishments
25
What did prohibition mean to those who still sold alcohol
beeeeg profits and competition for profits
26
What did competition for profits in the sale of alcohol create?
gang competition in big cities
27
Which city was the center of much gang violence and lawlessness
chicago
28
Who gained control of America's largest gang during the twenties
al capone
29
Why did al capone's gangster reputation suffer?
st. valentine's day massacre, also feds were looking for a way to shut him down
30
How did the police catch al capone
tax evasion
31
When was prohibition repealed
great depression (because the solution to depression is alcohol... yep... not therapy)
32
Who was the member of colombian university from 1904 to 1930 that pushed the concept of learning by doing in education
Professor John Dewey
33
What was John Dewey considered the father of
father of the progressive movement in education
34
What did fundamentalists believe about darwin's theory of evolution
destroyed americaś faith in god/bible and contributed to breakdown of morals in american youth
35
What did fundamentalists believe period?
literal interpretation of bible (word for word)
36
In which state was it made illegal to teach any theory of creation not present in the bible
Tennessee
37
What was the name of the law which made it illegal to teach any theory of creation not taught in the bible
Butler Law
38
Which young high school biology teacher was indicted for teaching evolution in 1925?
John T. Scopes
39
Which well known criminal defense attorney would defend John T. Scopes?
Clarence Darrow
40
Which prosecutor would represent the state of Tennessee during the Scopes Monkey Trial?
Prosecutor William Jennings Bryan
41
Why would the state of Tennessee choose to be represented by prosecutor william jennings byran during the scopes monkey trial?
He was a well known politician and fundamentalist
42
What eventually became of the scopes monkey trial?
Darrow blitzes Bryan after he calls him out on his knowledge of the bible and makes his fundamentalist ideals seem dumb. Scopes fined one hundred dollars (guilty).
43
What caused the rapid growth of the economy following the lull after WWI
ingenious machines powered by cheap energy from oil fields
44
Who was the model t man and also the assembly line man guy
henry ford (brave new world ptsd flashbacks)
45
How much was the model t in the early 1900s
260$
46
What became the automobile capital of the world by 1910
Detroit (detroit become automobile)
47
What did increased competition among manufacturers in the 1920s lead to an increase of
advertising
48
What created a halt in buying because everyone's income was consumed by it
buying on credit/installment plans
49
Which businesses experienced an explosive growth due to the booming automobile industry
Petroleum industry, perishable food, road laying
50
Which two brothers began the age of flight with their plane (which only stayed up for like ten seconds)
Orville and Wilbur Wright
51
Which innovation saw limited use in World War I because of its dangerous nature
airplanes (flying coffins)
52
Which pilot became the first to make a non stop solo flight from New York to Paris
Lindbergh
53
What happened to the first pilot who became the first to make a non stop solo flight from new york to paris
oops lindbergh's son got kidnapped an dmurdered
54
Who created wireless telegraphy in the 1890s
Guglielmo Marconi
55
What paved the way for the voice carrying radio
Wireless telegraphy's use in WWI
56
What was one of the biggest civilian uses for radio
advertisement :(
57
Who created the first crude form of the motion picture
Thomas edison
58
What is considered the real birth of the film industry
release of the film great train robbery
59
what was the first released sound film
jazz singer
60
who led the birth control movement in america
margaret sanger
61
what was the name used for those who challenged victorian standards for women
flappers
62
who was the viennese physician who argued sexual repression was responsible for the creation of the flapper
sigmund freud
63
who was the newspaper writer known as the "bad boy of baltimore" who attacked marriage, patriotism, democracy, and prohibition
henry l. mencken
64
Who wrote the great gatsby
f scott fitzgerald
65
what was the great gatsby about
inability of people to find happiness
66
who was an ambulance driver during WWI that wrote a farewell to arms and the sun also rises
ernest hemingway
67
Who was the master of satire from Minnesota that wrowte main street and babbit
Sinclair lewis
68
What were Main Street and Babbit (the books) about?
main street middle class america
69
Who wrote the sound of and the fury as well as As I Lay Dying
William Faulkner
70
What were The Sound and the Fury as well as As I Lay Dying about?
constricted souls of Southern characters
71
Who were the three most notable poets during the twenties
Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, and Roert Frost
72
Who wrote "The Wasteland"
T.S. Elliot
73
What was the name of the time where many talented african american artists emerged
the Harlem Renaissance
74
Who were the two most well known african american artists to come out of the harlem renaissance
Claude McKay and Langston Hughes
75
Who was the talented trumpeter, composer, and vocalist whose career spanned five decades
Louis Armstrong
76
Who was the talented composer, pianist, and orchestra leader who often performed at the new york city's cotton club
Duke Ellington
77
Who were the two most well known african american performers who came out of the "jazz age"
Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington
78
Who created a unique style of architecture that focused on achievming harmony with the environment
Frank Lloyd Wright
79
What was Frank Lloyd Wright's unique architectural philosophy called
organic architecture
80
What is a bull market
shooting way up, like waaaaaaaaaaaaaaaay up, just like bull horns go upward :)
81
What is a bear market?
going down, just like you can go down on a bear in baldurs gate 3
82
What was the stock exchange like in the 1920s (which market)
bull market
83
How did those who gambled on market bought stocks do it?
on margin
84
what does "on margin" mean?
people would put down a small amount of the stock's price (down payment) to buy the stock
85
Who was the secretary of the treasury during the twenties who favored the rapid expansion of investment capital
Andrew Mellon
86
What did Andrew Mellon dislike about burdensome taxes caused by the war
felt they would force the rich to invest in tax exempt securities instead of industry
87
Who did Andrew Mellon shift the tax burden to through legislature
middle class away from rich
88
What did Andrew Mellon shoot for in his passed legislature
trickle down economics
89
Did Andrew Mellon's trickle down economic strat work?
no, with the wealthy now exempt from many taxes they invested in stock markets, which pushed the bull market higher
90
Who were the presidential candidates for the election of 1920
Warren Harding and James Cox
91
Who was the republican presidential candidate for 1920
Warren Harding
92
Who was warren harding's vp
calvin coolidge
93
Who was the democratic presidential candidate for 1920
James Cox
94
Who was James Cox's vp
Franklin D. Roosevelt
95
Who won the election of 1920
Warren Harding
96
Who did Harding surround himself with during his presidency
people from his home state Ohio who were in it for themselves and took advantage of him/their position
97
How did president Harding accidentally stopper progressivism
appointed 4 court justices of nine, made court lean republican and often overturned progressive legislation
98
Did Harding lean pro-business or pro-state?
pro-business
99
What did harding leaning pro-business cause?
lack of enforcement for anti-trust laws, minimum wage law for women
100
What were the main problems left after the war
race riots/inflation when returning veterans saw blacks who filled in during their leave
101
What was created for the sake of WWI veterans by congress?
the Veterans Administration
102
What did the veterans administration do
operated hospitals and provided rehabilitation for disabled from the war
103
What was also started as a private organization to help veterans
American Legion
104
What did the American Legion do
lobby congress for veteran benefits
105
Which sentiment had grown substantially after WWI
isolationism
106
What was american unwilling to do after WWI
spend more money on ships
107
Which country had the best navy following world war I
Britain (still)
108
What did Harding call for in regards to the ship situation after WWI
Disarmament conference
109
Who was the american negotiator sent to the disarmament conference
Charles Evans Hughes
110
What treaty resulted from the Disarmament conference in 1921-1922
Five Power Naval Treaty
111
Which countries were part of the five power naval treaty
Great Britain, France, Japan, Italy, and the US
112
What did the five power naval treaty stipulate
For every five ships made in the Us, Britain could build five, Japan could build 3, and everyone else could build one
113
How did the US get japan to agree to the five power naval treaty
agreeing to refrain from fortifying possessions in the east/philippines
114
Which pact declared war illegal
Kellogg Brand Pact
115
What did the Kellogg brand pact do for america?
Give US a false sense of security but allow to continue isolationism
116
What was passed with raised tariff rates from 27% to 38.5%
Fordney McCumber Tariff
117
What was the worldwide reaction to the Fordney McCumber tariff
upsetti spaghetti, Europe needed to sell goods to America but they were unable to afford to do so
118
Why did Europe need to sell goods to america?
to pay back their war debts owed to america
119
What was the worldwide result from the Fordney McCumber tariff
international slowdown
120
Who was the head of the Veteran's bureau who was forced to resign/imprisoned when it was discovered he'd stolen millions in building funds for veteran hospitals
Colonel Charles R Forbes
121
What was the worst scandal involving Harding
Government oil reserves were leased to oilmen
122
Who was the secretary of the interior that leased goverement oil land to two oilmen
Albert B Fall
123
Who were the two oilmen who were leased government oil land by the secretary of the interior
Harry Sinclair and Edward Doheny
124
How did the two oilmen get the secretary of the interior to lease them government oil land
bribes
125
What was the scandal involving government oil land being leased to two oil men called
Teapot dome scandal
126
What happens to harding during his presidency
oops dead
127
Who takes harding's place as president after his death
Calvin Coolidge
128
What did Coolidge embody as a yankee
honesty, morality, frugality, and industry
129
What happened regarding farming after WWI
because farmers had bought more machinery for their farm, after war ended and Europe returned to farming there was no longer a need for American produce
130
What did the lack of demand for American produce mean for farmers after WWI
prices fall like a lot, farmers struggle a whole bunch
131
Who were the presidential candidates of 1924
Coolidge (republican) and John Davis (Democrat)
132
Who was John Davis
wealthy corporation lawyer
133
Who wins the election of 1924
Coolidge
134
What happened after the US demanded the allies pay back the like ten billion dollars it loaned
European nations said tariffs made repayment impossible so they asked germany to pay reparations but germany had no more money
135
Who did Coolidge send to negotiate the political and economical chaos after the US demanded the allies pay back the loan
Charles Dawes
136
What did the Dawes Plan stipulate
rescheduled german reparations, allowed us to loan germany money
137
What did the Dawes plan lead to
US banks loaning germany money, germany paying back britain and france, those two paying back the US
138
When did the dawes plan stop working
US credit drying up during the Great Depression
139
Who were the presidential candidates for the election of 1928
Herbert Hoover (republican) and Al Smith (democrat)
140
Who was Herbert Hoover
guy who encouraged food rationing in WWI, known and beloved, previous secretary of commerce and self made millionionaire
141
What did herbert hoover promise during his campaign
prosperity (chimken in every plate)
142
What was Al Smith's deal?
Catholic governor of new york, major religious figure to run in a big party
143
What played a large role in the election of 1928
radio
144
Who did the radio help the most during the election of 1928
Herbert Hoover
145
Who won the election of 1928
Herbert Hoover
146
Which issue was Hoover confronted with once he was in office
Farmers' struggles
147
How did Hoover try to help farmers (which legislation did he pass)
Agricultural Marketing Act of 1929
148
What did agricultural marketing act of 1929 set up for
Federal Farm Loan Board
149
What did the Federal Farm Loan Board do
loan out money to farm organizations seeking to buy/sell/store agricultural surplus
150
Which tariff was started as a house bill to protect farm products
Hawley Smoot Tariff
151
What did the Hawley Smoot tariff do
Raise tariff from 38.5% to nearly 60%
152
What were the national implications of the hawley Smoot Tariff
basically the US declaring economic war on the world
153
When did the Great Depression happen
1929, black tuesday
154
What happened to cause the Great depression
millions of shares of stock sold by people trying to get out of the market
155
What did the Great Depression cause?
Shareholders lose billions and millions out of jobs
156
What became more common due to the great depression
bread lines and soup kitchens
157
What were the three causes of the great depression
Overproduction in farms/factories, unequal distribution of wealth, high tariffs
158
What sprang up in big cities as people lost their homes
"Hoovervilles"
159
What was Hoover's approach to the great depression
trickle down economics
160
Why did Hoover think trickle down economics would work
believed if economy for those at the top improved, conditions below would also improve
161
Which corporation did congress establish that led to the government loaning money to banks and big businesses but not individuals
Reconstruction finance corporation
162
What was the problem with Hoover's trickle down economics
provided no immediate relief to those on the streets
163
What was the name of the group of US veterans who marched to Washington and set up a hooverville on the capital lawn, demanding premature payment of their veteran's bonus
Bonus Expeditionary Force
164
How did Hoover react to the Bonus Expeditionary force
forced them out by force, tear gas and bayonets
165
Who was the general which handled the assignment to forcefully remove the bonus expeditionary force from the capital lawn
General Douglas Mac Arthur
166
What did the forceful removal of the bonus expeditionary force lead to for Hoover
more condemnation
