Chapter 31 Test (1-10) Flashcards
Sexual reproduction has never been observed among the fungi that produce the blue-green marbling of blue cheeses. What is true of these fungi and others that do not have a sexual stage?
A) They are currently classified among the ascomycetes.
B) They do not form heterokaryons.
C) Their spores are probably produced by mitosis.
D) Three of these responses are correct.
E) Two of these responses are correct.
C) Their spores are probably produced by mitosis.
Both fungus-farming ants and their fungi can synthesize the same structural polysaccharide from the β-glucose. What is this polysaccharide?
A) cellulose
B) chitin
C) glycogen
D) lignin
E) amylopectin
B) chitin
Mycorrhizae associations are:
A) common only in nutrient-rich environments.
B) common; at least 80% of the species of plants form these associations.
C) common only to species like grasses.
D) very unusual.
E) absolutely necessary for survival.
B) common; at least 80% of the species of plants form these associations.
The vegetative (nutritionally active) bodies of most fungi are
A) composed of hyphae.
B) usually underground.
C) referred to as a mycelium.
D) Three of these responses are correct.
E) Two of these responses are correct
D) Three of these responses are correct.
When zygosporangia germinate, they must undergo ________ before forming hyphae.
A) fertilization
B) sporulation
C) meiosis
D) mitosis
C) meiosis
Fossil fungi date back to the origin and early evolution of plants. What combination of environmental and morphological change is similar in the evolution of both fungi and plants?
A) colonization of land and loss of flagellated cells
B) continental drift and mode of spore dispersal
C) predominance in swamps and presence of cellulose in cell walls
D) periods of drought and presence of filamentous body shape
E) presence of “coal forests” and change in mode of nutrition
A) colonization of land and loss of flagellated cells
Both fungus-derived antibiotics and hallucinogens used by humans probably evolved in fungi as a means to
A) help humanity survive.
B) reduce competition for nutrients.
C) eliminate other fungi.
D) promote their ingestion of foodstuffs.
E) discourage animal predators.
B) reduce competition for nutrients.
Lichens are symbiotic associations of fungi and
A) mosses.
B) green algae.
C) cyanobacteria.
D) Three of these responses are correct.
E) Two of these responses are correct.
E) Two of these responses are correct.
Which feature seen in chytrids supports the hypothesis that they diverged earliest in fungal evolution?
A) the absence of chitin within the cell wall
B) formation of resistant zygosporangia
C) flagellated spores
D) coenocytic hyphae
E) parasitic lifestyle
C) flagellated spores
Which process occurs in fungi and has the opposite effect on a cell’s chromosome number than does meiosis I?
A) binary fission
B) crossing over
C) karyogamy
D) plasmogamy
E) mitosis
C) karyogamy
