Chapter 24 Test (1-10) Flashcards
What is true of the flightless cormorants of the Galápagos Islands?
A) Flightless cormorants on one island have restricted gene flow with those on other islands, which could someday lead to a macroevolutionary event.
B) They are descendants of the same common ancestor that gave rise to the unique finches of these islands.
C) Their DNA has low levels of sequence homology with the DNA of flying American cormorants.
D) If they are still able to breed successfully with flying cormorants, it would probably be with North American cormorants, rather than with South American cormorants.
E) They are close relatives of flightless cormorants from the Americas.
A) Flightless cormorants on one island have restricted gene flow with those on other islands, which could someday lead to a macroevolutionary event.
A pet store puts both Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) and black rats (Rattus rattus) in the same cage. If mating occurs, the pregnancy will not succeed because the embryos fail to develop properly. This is an example of:
A) hybrid inviability.
B) hybrid vigor.
C) temporal isolation.
D) hybrid infertility.
E) gametic incompatibility
A) hybrid inviability.
Which of the following factors would not contribute to allopatric speciation?
A) Different mutations begin to distinguish the gene pools of the separated populations.
B) Gene flow between the two populations is extensive.
C) The separated population is small, and genetic drift occurs.
D) The isolated population is exposed to different selection pressures than the ancestral population.
E) A population becomes geographically isolated from the parent population.
B) Gene flow between the two populations is extensive.
Two species of frogs belonging to the same genus occasionally mate, but the offspring fail to develop and hatch. What is the mechanism for keeping the two frog species separate?
A) the postzygotic barrier called hybrid inviability
B) the postzygotic barrier called hybrid breakdown
C) gametic isolation
D) the prezygotic barrier called hybrid sterility
A) the postzygotic barrier called hybrid inviability
Which of the following is an example of adaptive radiation?
A) industrial melanism
B) bat wings
C) Darwin’s finches
D) starfish arms
E) long giraffe necks
C) Darwin’s finches
Bird guides once listed the myrtle warbler and Audubon’s warbler as distinct species. Recently, these birds have been classified as eastern and western forms of a single species, the yellow-rumped warbler. Which of the following pieces of evidence, if true, would be cause for this reclassification?
A) The two forms have similar food requirements.
B) The two forms have many genes in common.
C) The two forms interbreed often in nature, and their offspring have good survival and reproduction.
D) The two forms live in similar habitats.
E) The two forms are very similar in coloration
C) The two forms interbreed often in nature, and their offspring have good survival and reproduction.
Speciation
A) must begin with the geographic isolation of a small, frontier population.
B) and microevolution are synonymous.
C) can involve changes to a single gene.
D) occurs at such a slow pace that no one has ever observed the emergence of new species.
E) occurs only by the accumulation of genetic change over vast expanses of time.
C) can involve changes to a single gene.
. The organisms most likely to undergo sympatric speciation by polyploidy are:
A) birds.
B) plants.
C) insects.
D) mammals.
E) protists.
B) plants.
Which species is least likely to become extinct?
A) a fish species that feeds on only rare snails found in only one small river
B) a fish species found in all five of the Great Lakes
C) a fish species that has hybridized with another species to produce infertile offspring
D) a mammal species that feeds on a rare tropical orchid
E) a mammal species that can live equally well on dry land and in fresh water
E) a mammal species that can live equally well on dry land and in fresh water
Since the Pleistocene ice age, deserts have been gradually forming in the southwestern United States. As the original lakes and rivers of this area shrank into isolated streams, ponds, and springs, the fishes living in them developed a strong potential for:
A) temporal isolation.
B) hybridization.
C) speciation.
D) hybrid inviability.
E) mechanical incompatibility.
C) speciation.
