Chapter 25 Test (1-10) Flashcards
The idea that river mud left in the sun will turn into frogs illustrates:
A) spontaneous generation.
B) self-replication.
C) how prokaryotes evolve.
D) the endosymbiont theory.
E) prebiotic evolution.
A) spontaneous generation.
If the Cretaceous mass extinction had not occurred, which group of animals would probably include the largest land animals today?
A) amphibians
B) bony fish
C) insects
D) birds
E) reptiles
E) reptiles
Which of the following steps has not yet been accomplished by scientists studying the origin of life?
A) synthesis of small RNA polymers by ribozymes
B) abiotic synthesis of polypeptides
C) formation of protocells that use DNA to direct the polymerization of amino acids
D) formation of molecular aggregates with selectively permeable membranes
E) abiotic synthesis of organic molecules
E) abiotic synthesis of organic molecules
Which of the following statements provides the strongest evidence that prokaryotes evolved before eukaryotes?
A) Prokaryotic cells lack nuclei.
B) The meteorites that have struck Earth contain fossils only of prokaryotes.
C) The oldest fossilized cells resemble prokaryotes.
D) Laboratory experiments have produced liposomes abiotically.
E) Liposomes closely resemble prokaryotic cells.
C) The oldest fossilized cells resemble prokaryotes.
The first genes on Earth were probably
A) DNA molecules whose information was transcribed to RNA and later translated in polypeptides.
B) auto-catalytic RNA molecules.
C) oligopeptides located within protobionts.
D) DNA produced by reverse transcriptase from abiotically produced RNA.
B) auto-catalytic RNA molecules.
Multicellularity enables organisms to:
A) be fast.
B) reproduce more efficiently.
C) be photosynthetic.
D) undergo aerobic respiration.
E) be big.
E) be big.
The outer boundaries of laboratory-created vesicles are most similar to:
A) RNA.
B) complete cells.
C) bacteria.
D) cell membranes.
E) amino acids.
D) cell membranes.
The synthesis of new DNA requires the prior existence of oligonucleotides to serve as primers. On Earth, these primers are small RNA molecules. This latter observation is evidence in support of the hypothesized existence of
A) the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
B) the abiotic synthesis of organic monomers.
C) the delivery of organic matter to Earth by meteors and comets.
D) earlier genetic systems than those based on DNA.
E) a snowball Earth.
D) earlier genetic systems than those based on DNA.
Modern invertebrates first appear in the fossil record during the:
A) Silurian period.
B) Cambrian period.
C) Precambrian era.
D) Devonian period.
E) cyanobacteria.
C) Precambrian era.
If one organ is an exaptation of another organ, then what must be true of these two organs?
A) They are undergoing convergent evolution.
B) They are both vestigial organs.
C) They have the same function.
D) They are both homologous organs.
E) They are found together in the same hybrid species.
D) They are both homologous organs.
