Chapter 31: Orthopaedic Injuries

Question 1

A simple joint where the bony projections of the scapula and the clavicle meet at the top of the shoulder.

Answer 1

Acromioclavicular Joint

Question 2

An injury in which part of the body is completely severed.

Answer 2

Amputation

Question 3

A pearly white layer of specialized cartilage covering the articular surfaces (contact surfaces on the ends) of bones in synovial joints.

Answer 3

Articular Cartilage

Question 4

The heel bone is also known as…

Answer 4

Calcaneus

Question 5

Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin is not broken.

Answer 5

Closed Fracture

Question 6

An elevation of pressure within a closed fracture fascial compartment, characterized by extreme pain, decreased pain sensation, pain on stretching of affected muscles, and decreased power; frequently seen in fractures below the elbow or knee in children.

Answer 6

Compartment Syndrome

Question 7

A grating or grinding sensation or sound caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together.

Answer 7

Crepitus

Question 8

Disruption of a joint in which ligaments are damaged and the bone ends are no longer in contact.

Answer 8

Dislocation

Question 9

A fracture in which bone fragments are separated from one another, producing deformity in the limb.

Answer 9

Displaced Fracture

Question 10

Bruising or discoloration associated with bleeding within or under the skin.

Answer 10

Ecchymosis

Question 11

Movement that occurs in a bone at a point where there is no joint, indicating a fracture; also called free movement.

Answer 11

False Motion

Question 12

The fiberlike connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments.

Answer 12

Fascia

Question 13

The outer and smaller bone of the two bones of the lower leg.

Answer 13

Fibula

Question 14

A break in the continuity of a bone.

Answer 14

Fracture

Question 15

The part of the scapula that joins with the humeral head to form the glenohumeral joint

Answer 15

Glenoid Fascia

Question 16

The place where two bones come into contact.

Answer 16

Joint

Question 17

A simple crack in the bone that has not caused the bone to move from its normal anatomic position; also called a hairline fracture.

Answer 17

Nondisplaced fracture

Question 18

Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin has been broken.

Answer 18

Open Fracture

Question 19

Tenderness that is sharply localized at the site of the injury, found by gently palpating along the bone with the tip of one finger.

Answer 19

Point Tenderness

Question 20

A hand position in which the wrist is slightly dorsiflexed and all finger joints are moderately flexed

Answer 20

Position of Function

Question 21

To return a dislocated joint or fractured bone to its normal position; to set.

Answer 21

Reduce

Question 22

The space between the abdominal cavity and the posterior abdominal wall, containing the kidneys, certain large vessels, and parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

Answer 22

Retroperitoneal Space

Question 23

The major nerve to the lower extremities; controls much of muscle function in the leg and sensation in most of the leg and foot.

Answer 23

Sciatic Nerve

Question 24

A bandage or material that helps to support the weight of an injured upper extremity.

Answer 24

Sling

Question 25

A flexible or rigid device used to protect and maintain the position of an injured extremity.

Answer 25

Splint

Question 26

A joint injury involving damage to supporting ligaments, and sometimes partial or temporary dislocation of bone ends.

Answer 26

Sprain

Question 27

Stretching or tearing of a muscle; also called a muscle pull.

Answer 27

Strain

Question 28

A bandage that passes around the chest to secure an injured arm to the chest.

Answer 28

Swathe

Question 29

The larger of the two lower leg bones responsible for supporting the major weight-bearing surface of the knee and the ankle; the shinbone.

Answer 29

Tibia

Question 30

The bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure and elevation; useful if a patient is bleeding severely from a partial or complete amputation.

Answer 30

Tourniquet

Question 31

The area of potentially damaged soft tissue, adjacent nerves, and blood vessels surrounding an injury to a bone or a joint.

Answer 31

Zone of Injury