Chapter 31: Orthopaedic Injuries Flashcards
A simple joint where the bony projections of the scapula and the clavicle meet at the top of the shoulder.
Acromioclavicular Joint
An injury in which part of the body is completely severed.
Amputation
A pearly white layer of specialized cartilage covering the articular surfaces (contact surfaces on the ends) of bones in synovial joints.
Articular Cartilage
The heel bone is also known as…
Calcaneus
Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin is not broken.
Closed Fracture
An elevation of pressure within a closed fracture fascial compartment, characterized by extreme pain, decreased pain sensation, pain on stretching of affected muscles, and decreased power; frequently seen in fractures below the elbow or knee in children.
Compartment Syndrome
A grating or grinding sensation or sound caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together.
Crepitus
Disruption of a joint in which ligaments are damaged and the bone ends are no longer in contact.
Dislocation
A fracture in which bone fragments are separated from one another, producing deformity in the limb.
Displaced Fracture
Bruising or discoloration associated with bleeding within or under the skin.
Ecchymosis
Movement that occurs in a bone at a point where there is no joint, indicating a fracture; also called free movement.
False Motion
The fiberlike connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments.
Fascia
The outer and smaller bone of the two bones of the lower leg.
Fibula
A break in the continuity of a bone.
Fracture
The part of the scapula that joins with the humeral head to form the glenohumeral joint
Glenoid Fascia
The place where two bones come into contact.
Joint
A simple crack in the bone that has not caused the bone to move from its normal anatomic position; also called a hairline fracture.
Nondisplaced fracture
Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin has been broken.
Open Fracture
Tenderness that is sharply localized at the site of the injury, found by gently palpating along the bone with the tip of one finger.
Point Tenderness
A hand position in which the wrist is slightly dorsiflexed and all finger joints are moderately flexed
Position of Function
To return a dislocated joint or fractured bone to its normal position; to set.
Reduce
The space between the abdominal cavity and the posterior abdominal wall, containing the kidneys, certain large vessels, and parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
Retroperitoneal Space
The major nerve to the lower extremities; controls much of muscle function in the leg and sensation in most of the leg and foot.
Sciatic Nerve
A bandage or material that helps to support the weight of an injured upper extremity.
Sling
A flexible or rigid device used to protect and maintain the position of an injured extremity.
Splint
A joint injury involving damage to supporting ligaments, and sometimes partial or temporary dislocation of bone ends.
Sprain
Stretching or tearing of a muscle; also called a muscle pull.
Strain
A bandage that passes around the chest to secure an injured arm to the chest.
Swathe
The larger of the two lower leg bones responsible for supporting the major weight-bearing surface of the knee and the ankle; the shinbone.
Tibia
The bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure and elevation; useful if a patient is bleeding severely from a partial or complete amputation.
Tourniquet
The area of potentially damaged soft tissue, adjacent nerves, and blood vessels surrounding an injury to a bone or a joint.
Zone of Injury
