Chapter 21: Toxicology

Question 1

A state of overwhelming obsession or physical need to continue the use of a substance.

Answer 1

Addiction

Question 2

A substance that is used to neutralize or counteract a poison.

Answer 2

Antidote

Question 3

A severe withdrawal syndrome seen in alcoholics who are deprived of ethyl alcohol; characterized by restlessness, fever, sweating, disorientation, agitation, and seizures; can be fatal if untreated.

Answer 3

Delirium Tremens

Question 4

An agent that produces false perceptions in any one of the five senses.

Answer 4

Hallucinogen

Question 5

A sleep-inducing effect or agent.

Answer 5

Hypnotic

Question 6

Swallowing; taking a substance by mouth

Answer 6

Ingestion

Question 7

A form, provided by manufactures and compounders (blenders) of chemicals, containing information about chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, health and safety hazards, emergency response, and waste disposal of a specific material; also known as a safety data sheet. (SDS)

Answer 7

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Question 8

A drug that produces sleep or altered mental consciousness.

Answer 8

Narcotic

Question 9

A subset of the opioid family, referring to natural, non-synthetic opioids.

Answer 9

Opiate/s

Question 10

A synthetically produced narcotic medication, drug, or agent similar to opiate morphine, but not derived from opium; used to relieve pain.

Answer 10

Opioid/s

Question 11

An excessive quantity of a drug that, when taken or administered, can have toxic or lethal consequences.

Answer 11

Overdose

Question 12

A substance whose chemical action could damage structures or impair function when introduced into the body.

Answer 12

Poison/s

Question 13

A substance that decreases activity and excitement.

Answer 13

Sedative

Question 14

An agent that produces an excited state.

Answer 14

Stimulant

Question 15

The misuse of any substance to produce a desired effect.

Answer 15

Substance Abuse

Question 16

The need for increasing amounts of a drug to obtain the same effect.

Answer 16

Tolerance

Question 17

The study of toxic or poisonous substances.

Answer 17

Toxicology

Question 18

What is Emesis? How does this relate to treating a patient and determining the nature of the poison?

Answer 18

Vomiting, if the patients vomits you can examine the contents for pill fragments. Always remember to wear PPE for this activity.

Question 19

Because alcohol is a irritant to the stomach lining, some blood may be present during emesis. This is also termed as?

Answer 19

Hematemesis

Question 20

What are cholinergic agents?

Answer 20

medications that overstimulate the normal body functions controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 21

When caring for a known alcoholic patient with severe trauma to the chest and abdomen, you should be concerned that…

Answer 21

internal bleeding may be profuse because prolonged alcohol use may impair the blood’s ability to clot.