Chapter 21: Toxicology Flashcards

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1
Q

A state of overwhelming obsession or physical need to continue the use of a substance.

A

Addiction

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2
Q

A substance that is used to neutralize or counteract a poison.

A

Antidote

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3
Q

A severe withdrawal syndrome seen in alcoholics who are deprived of ethyl alcohol; characterized by restlessness, fever, sweating, disorientation, agitation, and seizures; can be fatal if untreated.

A

Delirium Tremens

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4
Q

An agent that produces false perceptions in any one of the five senses.

A

Hallucinogen

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5
Q

A sleep-inducing effect or agent.

A

Hypnotic

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6
Q

Swallowing; taking a substance by mouth

A

Ingestion

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7
Q

A form, provided by manufactures and compounders (blenders) of chemicals, containing information about chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, health and safety hazards, emergency response, and waste disposal of a specific material; also known as a safety data sheet. (SDS)

A

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

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8
Q

A drug that produces sleep or altered mental consciousness.

A

Narcotic

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9
Q

A subset of the opioid family, referring to natural, non-synthetic opioids.

A

Opiate/s

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10
Q

A synthetically produced narcotic medication, drug, or agent similar to opiate morphine, but not derived from opium; used to relieve pain.

A

Opioid/s

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11
Q

An excessive quantity of a drug that, when taken or administered, can have toxic or lethal consequences.

A

Overdose

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12
Q

A substance whose chemical action could damage structures or impair function when introduced into the body.

A

Poison/s

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13
Q

A substance that decreases activity and excitement.

A

Sedative

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14
Q

An agent that produces an excited state.

A

Stimulant

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15
Q

The misuse of any substance to produce a desired effect.

A

Substance Abuse

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16
Q

The need for increasing amounts of a drug to obtain the same effect.

A

Tolerance

17
Q

The study of toxic or poisonous substances.

A

Toxicology

18
Q

What is Emesis? How does this relate to treating a patient and determining the nature of the poison?

A

Vomiting, if the patients vomits you can examine the contents for pill fragments. Always remember to wear PPE for this activity.

19
Q

Because alcohol is a irritant to the stomach lining, some blood may be present during emesis. This is also termed as?

A

Hematemesis

20
Q

What are cholinergic agents?

A

medications that overstimulate the normal body functions controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system.

21
Q

When caring for a known alcoholic patient with severe trauma to the chest and abdomen, you should be concerned that…

A

internal bleeding may be profuse because prolonged alcohol use may impair the blood’s ability to clot.