CHAPTER 3.1 Flashcards
The so-called three tools in criminal investigation or sometimes called as the 3 I’s of criminal investigation includes:
INFORMATION,
INTERVIEW/INTERROGATION, and
INSTRUMENTATION.
is the knowledge or facts which the investigator had gathered or acquired from persons or documents
INFORMATION
The significance of information can be explained by
Rudyard Kipling
Any written or documented statements of persons who possess relevant knowledge
concerning a crime
TRACES OF INFORMATION
The visible way of obtaining information
OVERT
The secret way of obtaining information
COVERT
the outward manifestations of a criminal event that can be perceived by our five senses – eyes, ears, nose, tongue and hands.
SENSORY FORM
A criminal act may also provide information
like receipts from the motel, food and drinks in the pocket of the suspect.
WRITTEN FORM
The information may actually be in a real form – meaning the failure to retrieve it or receive it at the right time will be useless.
PHYSICAL FORM
are documents that can be obtained and studied to obtain facts on incidents and people. They are vital information since they provide leads in facilitating the
investigation process.
RECORDS
Those who come to the attention of the investigator because of their involvement or familiarity with a crime or incident
REGULAR
Those who have special information on a particular crime or criminal or non-criminal activity.
CULTIVATED
Voluntarily or willingly provides information to the criminal investigators and offers to be a witness.
Informant
usually reveals information of no consequence, value or stuff connected with thin air. His purpose is to appear to be on the side of the law and for
throwing out the suspicion from himself or from his gang or associates.
FALSE INFORMANT
this kind of informant moves around the centers of criminals, group or syndicate and delights in surprising the police about bits of information.
SELF AGGRANDIZING INFORMANT
he uses his seeming desire to divulge information
as an excuse to talk to the police in order to get more information from them more than he gives.
DOUBLE-CROSSER INFORMANT
are said to be most effective among informants because they could easily penetrate the ranks of criminals with less suspicion.
WOMEN INFORMANT
Informants under this category is usually a mistress or common law wife of criminal. She volunteers information because her lover jilted her. Her motive is
often revenge or simply jealousy.
Female informants
Source of info under this category includes operators of licensed premises who do not want their place of business to become the hang out of dangerous
criminals.
Legitimate informants
these are also called automatic informants. (victim)
Incidental informant
Is a person who provides information to the police on a regular basis.
Informer
System of gathering information that has little consideration on paid information.
ENGLISH PRACTICE
Obtaining information that relies heavily in buying information.
FRENCH APPROACH
Is the simple questioning of a person believed to possess information, which are relevant to the investigation of a crime or criminal activities.
INTERVIEW
What is a Golden Role in Interview?
“Never allow the interviewer to conduct nor let anyone to conduct an interview without prior visit to the crime scene.”
is conducted to willing and cooperative witnesses, where they are given the full opportunity to narrate their accounts without intervention, interruption and
interference from the interviewer.
COGNITIVE INTERVIEW
this interview as prescribed by some investigators requires the interviewee to answer the question posed by the investigator.
QUESTION AND ANSWER
This is focused only in obtaining data regarding the
personal background of the subject, the simplest type of interview used in criminal cases.
BACKGROUND INTERVIEW
An interview wherein the questions are phrased in a
manner such that the subject’s answers are based on his personal opinions or views.
SUBJECTIVE INTERVIEW
The questions are designed to acquire the basic and specific data or facts regarding a criminal case. It is the type of interview that complies with the six cardinal points of criminal investigation ( the 5 W’s and 1 H)
OBJECTIVE INTERVIEW
